Chemistry - Common formulas

Chemistry 2024

Sulphate

SO4 2-

Nitrate

NO3 -

Carbonate

CO3 2-

Iron (II)

Fe2+

Iron (III)

Fe3+

Copper (II)

Cu2+

Chloride

Cl-

Bromide

Br-

Iodide

I-

Hydroxide

OH-

silver (I)

Ag+

ammonium

NH4+

Sulphuric acid

H2SO4

Hydrochloric acid

HCl

Nitric acid

HNO3

Ethanoic acid

CH3COOH

Methane

CH4

Anhydrous copper (II) sulphate

CuSO4

Sodium hydroxide

NaOH

Potassium Hydroxide

KOH

Calcium hydroxide

Ca(OH)2

ammonium hydroxide

NH4OH

Ammonia

NH3

Hydrated copper (II) sulphate

CuSO4.5H2O

Hydrogen

H2

Carbon

C

Nitrogen

N2

Oxygen

O2

Fluorine

F2

Chlorine

Cl2

Bromine

Br2

Iodine

I2

Word equation for thermal decomposition of ammonium chloride

Ammonium chloride ⇌ Ammonia + Hydrochloric acid

Chemical equation for ammonium chloride decomposition

NH4Cl (g) ⇌ NH3 (g) + HCl (g)

Observations of ammonium chloride

White HCl gas forms, white NH4Cl solid forms around tube

Word equation for de/hydration of Copper (II) Sulphate

Anhydrous Copper (II) sulphate + water ⇌ Hydrated coper (II) Sulfate

Chemical equation for the de/hydration of copper (II) sulphate

CuSO4 (s) + 5H2O (l) ⇌ CuSO4.5H2O (s)

Observations for de/hydration of copper (II) sulphate

Turns white to blue (when water is added). Condensation in cooler part of test tube (can be used as a test for water)

Endothermic when dehydrated