Animal Science Lab Practical

Basset hound

Beagle

Bedlington Terrier

Bloodhound

Boston Terrier

Boxer

Bull terrier

Cairn Terrier

Chihuahua

Cocker spaniel

Daschund

Doberman Pinscher

German Sheperd

Golden Retriever

• ears can be pointed or floppy

Great Dane

Irish Setter

Keeshond

Labrador retriever

Maltese

Miniature Schnauzer

Newfoundland

Pekinese

Pug

Rottweiler

Samoyed

Scottish Terrier

Shar-pei

Yorkshire terrier

Whippet

Abyssinian cat

Manx cat

American Shorthair

Siamese cat

Maine Coon

Persian

Holstein cow

• Origin: Netherlands

• Color: black and white, red and white (recessive)

• Size: largest dairy breed

• 90% of all dairy cattle in the US in modern day

• Milk volume produced: 1st among dairy breeds (greater than 23,000 lbs per lactation)

• Milk fat: 5th among dairy breeds (greater than 3.7%)

Brown Swiss

• Origin: Switzerland

• Color: light to dark brown

• Size: large

• Milk volume produced: 2nd amongst dairy breeds (greater than 22,000 lbs per lactation)

• Milk fat: 3rd among dairy breeds (greater than 4.1%)

Ayrshire

• Origin: Scotland

• Color: mix of red, mahogany, brown, and white

• Size: large

• Milk volume produced: 3rd among dairy breeds (greater than 17,000 lbs per lactation)

• Milk fat: 4th among dairy breeds (greater than 4%)

Guernsey

• Origin: Island of Guernsey

• Color: fawn with white markings

• Size: moderate

• Milk volume produced: 4th among dairy breeds (greater than 16,000 lbs per lactation)

• Milk Fat: 2nd among dairy breeds (> 4.6%)

Jersey

• Origin: Isle of Jersey

• Color: cream to fawn and black muzzle

• Size: smallest dairy breed

• Milk Volume produced: 5th among dairy breeds (greater than 16,000 lbs per lactation)

• Milk fat: 1st among dairy breeds (greater than or equal to 5%)

Angus Cow (beef cattle)

• Origin: Scotland

• Color: black (dominant)

• Horns: polled (dominant)

• Size: small - moderate

• Traits: performs well in feedlots and produce high quality carcass with well-marbled meat

Hereford

• Origin: England

• Color: red body and white face

• Horned

• Size: large

• Traits: superior foraging ability and very hardy

Simmental cow

• Origin: Switzerland

• Color: red ± white patches (black also possible)

• Size: large

• traits: adaptable to a range of conditions and rapid weight gain

Limousin cow

• Origin: France

• Color: Golden-red or black

• Polled or horned

• Large size

• Excellent feed efficiency, adaptability, carcass yield, and fertility

Charolais

• Origin: France

• Color: white

• Horned

• Large

• Meat and draft animal, cold and heat tolerant, rapid growth

Belgian Blue cow

• Origin: Belgium

• Color: white, blue roan, or black

• Horned

• Large

• Double-muscled due to mutation in myostatin gene (normally limits muscle growth) that leads to accelerated lean muscle growth and decreased fat deposition

• calves usually require C-section for delivery because so muscular

Brahman Cow

• Origin: India

• White-gray to black to red

• Horned or polled

• Large

• Traits: long droopy ears, large dewlap, heat-tolerant, hump at base of neck composed of muscle and connective tissue)

Texas Longhorn

• Origin: North America

• Color: multi-colored

• Horned

• Large size

• Hardy, adaptable, lean beef

Waygu

• Origin: Japan

• Color: Black

• Horned

• Traits: intense marbling, high omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids

• Management: regular oil massages to improve fat softness and distribution, 

  • feed beer and other foods to stimulate appetite when cattle are on high energy, low-bulk finishing ration and limited exercise to prevent mouscle toughening

• Kobe beef is produced in Kobe, Japan, and is extremely high quality; can sell for more than $100

Scottish Highland

• Origin: Scotland

• Red is most common color, but yellow, black, dun (brown), and silver are all possible

• Horned

• Large

• Traits: hardy and adaptable, shaggy hair coat protects eyes from insects (calves look like teddy bears)

Medium wool sheep

• dorset

• suffolk

• cheviot

• southdown

Dorset sheep

• Origin: England

• White face with wool down legs

• Horned or polled

• medium wool

Suffolk

• Origin: England

• Black face and legs, white fleece

• Polled (no horns)

• medium wool

• make excellent terminal sires for producing market lambs

• purebreds have several potential inherited diseases, including spider lamb syndrome, abomasal emptying defect, and susceptibility to Scrapie

Cheviot

• Origin: Scotland and England

• White, bare face (no wool in front of ears), white legs

• Polled

• Traits: upright ears, medium, short wool, adapt well to rugged grazing areas

Southdown

• Origin: England

• Color: white, gray to light brown face and legs

• Polled

• Medium wool that extends down legs and over face

Fine wool sheep breeds

• Merino

• Rambouillet

Merino

• Origin: Spain

• Color: white

• Skin folds, wool extends down legs

• Horns: rams are horned, ewes are polled

• Traits: High quality, fine wool, breed year-round

Rambouillet

• Origin: France

• White

• Horned

• Traits: high quality, fine wool, largest of the several fine wool breeds, adapts to severe conditions, extended breeding season

Dairy Goat Breeds (6)

• Nubian

• Alpine

• Saanen

• Toggenburg

• Oberhasli

• LaMancha

Nubian

• Origin: North Africa

• Color: black, tan, red, or mix

• Long and droopy ears (usually white)

• Horned

• Traits: dairy-production

• Milkfat 4-7%

Alpine

• Origin: France

• Color: variety of color patterns

• Upright ears

• Horned

• Traits: dairy-production, large and rugged

Saanen

• Origin: Switzerland

• Color: white

• upright ears

• horned

• dairy production

Toggenburg

• Origin: Switzerland

• Color: Fawn to chocolate
  with white stripes on the face, white at the base of the tail and base of the ears, and
  white on the legs

• Ears: Upright ears

• Horns: Horned

• Traits: Dairy-production

Oberhasli

Origin: Switzerland
Color: Chamois = reddish brown body with black on the legs, head, tail, and a
black stripe down the back
Ears: Upright ears
Horns: Horned or Polled
Traits: Dairy-production

LaMancha

Origin: U.S.A.
Color: Multiple
Ears: Very short ears
Gopher ears less than or equal to 1 inch long with little to no cartilage
Elf ears less than or equal to 2 inches
Horns: Horned
Traits: Dairy-production

Meat goats (4)

• Boer

• Kiko

• Spanish

• Tennessee fainting

Boer

Origin: South Africa

Color: White and red
Ears: Long, droopy ears
Horns: Horned
Traits: Meat-production
“Boer” is Dutch for “Farm”

Kiko

Origin: New Zealand
Color: All colors are possible
but white is common
(dominant)
Ears: Short ears
Horns: Horned
Traits: Meat-production
Selected for survivability and weight
gain in mountain conditions

Spanish

Origin: Hardy “brush” goat of
unknown ancestry, some
of which were likely
descendants of feral goats
introduced by Spanish explorers in the 1500s
Color: Multicolor
Ears: Medium ears
Horns: Horned
Traits: Meat production

Tennessee Fainting Goat

Origin: Tennessee
Color: Multicolored
Ears: Airplane ears
Horns: Horned
Traits: Meat-production
Large frame and heavy muscled
Inherited condition: When frightened or excited, their muscles stiffen or "lock up" and they fall over and lie very
still for a few seconds. They do not lose consciousness.

Fiber Goats (2)

• Angora

• Cashmere

Angora

Origin: Turkey

Color: White
Ears: Droopy ears
Horns: Horned or Polled
Traits: Mohair-production
Long locks of Mohair cover body

• fleece grows 6-12 inches per year

• shorn twice a year

• Meat-production

• Control brush

Cashmere

Cashmere = soft down or fiber from the undercoat
of non-Angora Goats.
No true breed, but goats are selectively bred for
production (ex. Kashmir goats in India & Pakistan)

Swine breeds (6)

1. Yorkshire

2. Landrace

3. Duroc

4. Hampshire

5. Berkshire

6. Tamworth

Yorkshire

Origin: England
Color: White/pink +/- freckles
Body: Long body with Upright Ears
Traits: Superior milkers, large litters, rapid growth

Landrace

Origin: Denmark
Color: White/pink
Body: Long body with Floppy Ears
Reproduction: Superior milkers with large litters

Duroc

Origin: USA

Color: Red or black
Body: Floppy Ears
Repro: Quick growth, deep body, broad ham and shoulder, and a quiet disposition

Hampshire

Origin: Kentucky - from English
breeds
Color: Black with a white belt
Body: Upright ears
Traits: Used in many cross breeding programs

Berkshire

Origin: England

Color: Black with white on face, legs, and tail
Body: Upright Ears
Traits: Early-maturing with heavily marbled meat
Tamworth
Origin: Ireland
Color: Red
Body: Upright ears
Traits: Believed to most closely resemble the
original European forest swine breeds,
which makes them well-suited for
growing in the woods/outdoor life.

Tamworth

Origin: Ireland
Color: Red
Body: Upright ears
Traits: Believed to most closely resemble the original European forest swine breeds,
which makes them well-suited for
growing in the woods/outdoor life

Draft horse breeds (coldbloods) (4)

• Percheron

• Belgian

• Clydesdale

• Shire

• 14.2-19 hands, 1400-2000 lbs, heavy, solid, strong horses with calm temperament used mainly for work and pulling loads

Percheron

Origin: France
Color: Gray or Black
Body: 15-19 hands
Heavy, solid, strong
Traits: Calm temperament
Purpose: Work; Pull loads
Most popular cart horse in the world

Belgian

Origin: Belgium
Color: Chestnut, bay, brown, dun, gray, or roan
Body: 16-18 hands
Heavy, solid, strong
Traits: Calm temperament
Purpose: Work; Pull loads

Clydesdale

Origin: Scotland
Color: Bay, brown, bay, gray, or roan
Much white on face & legs; feathers
Body: 16-19 hands
Heavy, solid, strong
Traits: Calm temperament
Purpose: Work; Pull loads

Shire

Origin: England
Color: Bay, brown, chestnut, or gray with white
markings & leg feathers
Body: Height = tallest!
Heavy, solid, strong
Traits: Calm temperament
Purpose: Work; Pull loads

Lightbreeds (warmblooded//hotblooded) (7)

• Quarter Horse

• Thoroughbred

• Paint

• Standardbred

• Appaloosa

• Arabian

• Morgan

• 14.2-17.2 hands, 900-1400 lbs, originate in Europe, Asia, South and North Americas

• Riding, driving, racing, etc

Quarter horse

Origin: United States
Color: Any solid color
Body: 15.2-16.1 hands
Traits: Muscular hindend
Purpose: Working cow horse
Fast at short distances (1/4 mile)

Thoroughbred

Origin: England
Color: Any
Body: 14.2-17 hands
Traits: Fast
Purpose: Race ¾ to 2 miles
Also dressage, jumping,
eventing, cross country, etc

Standardbred

Origin: Spain
United States
Color: Any solid color, mostly brown, bay, black,
or chestnut
Body: 14-16 hands
Traits: Good stamina
Similar to Thoroughbreds
but often have longer
and lower bodies
Purpose: Trotter, Pacer, Carriage horse, Harness racing

Arabian

Origin: Arabian Peninsula
Color: Bay, brown, gray,
chestnut, or black
Body: 14.3-16 hands
Dished/concave face
Large nostrils
High tail carriage
Traits: Intelligent; Great stamina
Purpose: Riding; Endurance racing

Appaloosa

Origin: United States
(likely of Spanish descent)
Color: Mottled coat and skin pattern
White sclera of eyes
Striped hooves
Body: 14-16 hands
Traits: Distinctive color pattern
Purpose: Riding and working

Morgan

Origin: United States
Color: Bay, brown,
black, or chestnut
Body: 14.1-15.3 hands
Traits: Justin Morgan started the breed from one
foundation sire in 1789 in W. Springfield, MA
Purpose: Multi-purpose: show, harness racing,
pleasure/trail riding, and driving