CA2 Psych Assessment Handouts

Psychological Assessment

It is the gathering and integration of psychology-related data to make an evaluation sing tools such as tests, interviews, case studies, behavioral observation, and specialized apparatus or procedures.

Psychological Testing

It is the measurement of psychology-related variables by devises or procedures designed to obtain a sample of behavior.

Collaborative Assessment

In this type of assessment, the assessor and assessee work s partners from fist contact to feedback.

Therapeutic Assessment

Aims to be helpful throughout, sharing results immediately to co-develop interpretations and next steps.

Dynamic Assessment

This approach focuses on evaluating a person’s learning potential rather than just their current abilities or knowledge.

Parties

They refer to the key individuals or groups involved in the assessment process.

Standards

These refer to the ethical, technical, legal, and professional guidelines that ensure assessments are scientifically sound and ethically conducted.

2200 BCE

Date when civil service exams began.

Sui Dynasty

The dynasty that first administered testing in 2200 BCE.

Francis Galton

He is considered one of the founders of psychometrics and coined the term “eugenics.” He was also a pioneer in studying individual differences.

Francis Galton

He introduce questionnaires, rating scales, self-report, and pioneered ideas behind the correlation coefficient.

Wilhelm Wundt

He built the first psychology lab and is considered the father of modern psychology.

James McKeen Cattell

"He coined the word “mental test.”

Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale

a 30-item measuring scale of intelligence to identify pupils who needed extra support.

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

Formerly the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale, it defined intelligence as a global capacity to act purposefully, think rationally, and deal effectively with the environment.

Woodworth’s Personal Data Sheet

It was the first personality test ever developed. Its goal was to screen military recruits for PTSD and other psychological problems and identify those who might not be emotionally fit for combat.

Robert Woodworth

The person who developed the Woodworth Personal Data Sheet (WPDS).

Rorschach-Inkblot Test

It is a projective test that uses inkblots designed to uncover thought processes, emotions, and personality characteristics.

Projective Tests

A type of psychological assessment where people respond to ambiguous stimuli. The idea is that because the stimuli are vague, individuals will project their own unconscious thoughts, feelings, and conflicts into their responses.

Henry Murray and Christiana Morgan

The people who developed the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT).

Thematic Apperception Test

It is a test where people interpret ambiguous social scenes, and their stories reveal inner needs, drives, and conflicts.

Henry Goddard

He introduced the Binet-Simon test to the U.S. He also coined the term “moron.”

Moros

A greek word for “fool.”

Agustin Alonzo

He is a pioneer of psychological testing and education in the Philippines. He served as a Dean of the College of Education at UP and served as a chair of the Department of Psychology in 1926.

Virgilio Enriquez

He is known as the “Father of Filipino Psychology” and founded the Pambansang Samahan ng Sikolohiyang Pilipino.

1975

Year when the Pambansang Samahan ng Sikolohiyang Pilipino was founded.

1884

Year when Galton administered the first test battery to thousands of citizens.

Testing

The process of measuring a sample behavior to produce scores.

Assessment

The process of gathering and integrating data to answer a referral question.

Educational

Application of psychological assessment that involves placement, identifying supports, and diagnostic targeting of deficits for intervention. supports,

Clinical or Counseling

Application of psychological assessment that involves screening, diagnosis, treatment planning, and competence.

Geriatric

Application of psychological assessment that involves the quality of life and cognitive decline vs. pseudodementia.

Business or Military

Application of psychological assessment that involves selection, promotion, training, and credentialing & licensure decisions.

Interview

It is an assessment tool that provides purposeful and reciprocal communication.

Single-rater bias

Occurs when data about a person, group, or situation is collected from only one source (one rater/evaluator), which can distort the results.

Case History and Records

Assessment tools that come from archives, school/work/medical files. media. and collateral notes.

Behavioral Observation

An assessment tool that provides direct monitoring (live/electronic) with quantitative and qualitative recording.

Naturalistic Observation

This type of observation is done when behavior is studied by observing subjects in their natural environment without interference or manipulation from the researcher.

Structured Observation

The type of observation where behavior is observed in a controlled way using a predefined framework or checklist.

Role-play test

An assessment tool that simulates key situations when real-life observation is impractical.

Portfolio

An assessment tool that is a collection of a learner’s work (artifacts, projects, reflections, performances, etc.) that demonstrates growth, achievements, skills, and competencies over time.

Standardized Test

It is an assessment tool that is administered, scored, and interpreted in a consistent (standard) way for all test-takers.

Computer-Assisted Personalized Assessment

Meaning of CAPA

CAPA

It is a computer-assisted, adaptive system that personalizes tests and feedback to the learner, making assessment more individualized, efficient, and data-driven.

Computerized Adaptive Testing

Meaning of CAT.

CAT

It is a digital, adaptive assessment method that adjusts question difficulty in real time to efficiently and accurately measure a test-taker’s ability.

Maximum Performance

A test classification that assesses what a person can do when motivated to perform at their best.

Typical Performance

A test classification that assesses what a person usually does or prefers to do, like focusing on traits, habits, attitudes, and interests.

Norm-Referenced

A test classification that compares an individual’s performance to a representative group.

Criterion-Referenced

A test classification that compares performance to a standard or cutoff.

Speed Test

A test with many easy items and a strict time limit.

Power Test

A test wherein items are arranged by difficulty and has generous or no time limit.

Intelligence Tests

These measure general mental ability (problem-solving, reasoning, and comprehension).

Aptitude Tests

These measure specific potential to learn a skill (predictive).

Achievement Tests

These measure what has already been learned through instruction.

Personality Tests

These measure characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

Interest Inventories

These identify likes, preferences, and career inclinations; they are not predictive of success but are useful for guidance.

Neuropsychological Tests

These tests examine brain-behavior relationships and cognitive domains (attention, memory, and executive functioning) after injury, illness, or decline.

Performance-Based Tests

These tests assess observable behavior in realistic tasks or simulations.

Need and Purpose

Identify he gap and the decisions the test will support.

Construct and Domain

Define what the test measures and outline content facets for blueprinting,

Users and Population

Specify target examinees and contexts.

Environmental Scan

Review existing measures, psychometric gaps, and emerging needs/occupations.

Tryout Vision

Sketch who should be in the pilot.

Constructed-response

Completion or short answer essay.

Selected-Response

In this type of test the examinee selects and option. This is efficient for administering tests in groups.

Cumulative Scoring

It is the most common scoring method in psychological tests, especially in self-report inventories and ability tests. In this model, each item response contributes to a total (cumulative) score, which represents the individual’s standing on the construct being measured.

Class Scoring

A scoring method wherein testtaker responses earn credit toward placement in a particular class or category with other testtakers whose pattern of responses is presumably similar in someway.

Ipsative Scoring

It is a scoring method where a person’s scores are compared only to their own scores across different scales, rather than to external norms or categories.

Reliability

It is the consistency of scores.

Reliability

The consistency or stability of test results over time or across raters/items.

Validity

The accuracy of a test — whether it measures what it claims to measure.

Utility

It refers to the practical value, usefulness, or cost-effectiveness of a test in real-world decision-making.

Test-retest Reliability

It is an estimate of reliability obtained by correlating pairs of scores from the same people on two different administrations of the same test.

Parallel Forms

These are different versions of the same test that are designed to be equivalent, mainly used to reduce practice effects and strengthen reliability.

Alternate Forms

These are two or more versions of a test that are designed to measure the same construct but are not necessarily identical in difficulty or content balance.

Split-Half Reliability

It is obtained by correlating two pairs of scores obtained from equivalent halves of a single test administered once.

Inter-Scorer Reliability

It is the degree of agreement or consistency between two or more scorers (or judges or raters) with regard to a particular measure.

Content Validity

This measure of validity the extent to which the items of a test adequately represent the construct’s domain.

Criterion-Related Validity

This measure of validity is obtained by evaluating the relationship of scores obtained on the test to scores on other tests or measures.

Concurrent Validity

Type of criterion-related validty correlation with a criterion measured at the same time.

Predictive Validity

Type of criterion-related validity correlation with a criterion measured in the future.

Construct Validity

The extent to which a test truly measures the theoretical construct it claims to measure. The broadest and most important form of validity.

Convergent Validity

Validity wherein the test correlates with other measures of the same construct.

Discriminant Validity

Validity wherein test does not correlate with unrelated constructs.

Face Validity

Face validity is the extent to which a test appears, on the surface, to measure what it claims to measure. It’s about appearance and acceptability, not about scientific evidence.

Clark Wissler

Discovered that the Cattellian “brass instruments” tests have no correlation with college grades.

Charles Spearman

The founder of the g factor theory of intelligence, innovator in factor analysis, and creator of Spearman’s rho correlation.

Binet and Simon

They invented the first modern intelligence scale.

William Stern

He introduced the intelligence quotient.

Lewis Terman

He revised the Binet-Simon scales and published the Stanford-Binet.

Cattell, Throndike, and Woodworth

They founded the psychological corporation.

Psychological Corporation

The first major test publisher.

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

It is a self-report inventory designed to assess personality traits and psychopathology, with strong clinical and research utility, making it one of the most important tools in psychological assessment.

Sinforoso Padilla

He organized the Psychological Clinic at the University of the Philippines.

Jesus Perpinan

He set up the Far Eastern University Psychological Cli

Angel de Blas

The one who set up the Experimental Psychology Laboratory in UST.

Estefania Aldaba-Lim

The one who set up the institute of human relations at PWU.

Joseph Goertz

The person who established the psychology department at the University of San Carlos.

Fr. Jaime Bulatao

He established the department of psychology and central guidance bureau at Ateneo de Manila University.