Steroid Era Test

19th century - what two events occurred/beginning

WWII use of steroids

Nazis, including Gestapos and Hitler himself, test anabolic steroids on prisoners. Testosterone is then used by German Soldiers to promote aggressiveness and physical strength.

East German athletes - what did they take and how did it affect them later in life

when was doping acknowledged as a problem

since at least the 1960s

what is HGH used for

to improve endurance and strength

why were diuretics banned

They can be used to mask other drugs in a urine test and they can also be used for rapid weight loss

do viewers seem to care if players are using PED’s

No they didn’t because they helped the San Francisco 49ers beat the Green Bay Packers and helped Edelman catch 10 passes and nearly 100 million people watched on average.

what is the superhuman drug and why

Adderall because it is used to increase energy and focus.

what is the difference between urine and blood testing for HGH

GH detection requires blood testing, but not urine testing.

when players get caught, what do they most always argue

That it must have been in their dietary supplements or medication without their knowledge.

why do riders’ dope

they want to win no matter the cost

what did cyclists say even thought there can be health risks

They would take a drug leading to success even if causing premature death.

state one way to dope and an example

Amphetamines - A psychostimulant that works by modulating the levels of numerous neurotransmitters in the brain, including sertraline and dopamine, giving you the feeling of happiness.

scandal 1

Cyclist Tom SImpson died during the 1967 Tour de France because of the combination of extreme heat and amphetamines he was using to boost his performance. This resulted in a ban on performance-enhancing drugs in cycling.

scandal 2

The East German government used performance enhancing drugs to give its athletes an advantage in the 1976 Olympics. The athletes were pressured into taking these drugs, ultimately harming them in the long run.

what does the article mean when it states there are gaps in the NBA when testing for PED’s

The league should test for human growth hormones.

explain a biological passport

They are a different approach to anti-doping efforts and have generally been seen as useful in endurance sports, and experts suggest they are the future of drug testing in all sports.

what is the result of micro dosing

They clear the body in a matter of hours

are PEDs an issue for the NHL

No because it’s simply not in their culture.

why would a player risk his reputation and use steroids

Because steroids have tremendous benefits including increased muscle strength, increased body size, and increased healing rates.

how has baseball changed in the past two decades

They aren’t playing offense as well as when they were using steroids. For example when comparing 2000 vs. 2014 stats teams on average hit 50 less home runs per season and give up about one run less per game. It has gone from a sport where home runs and offense dominated the game to today’s style which is where great defense, pitching, and timely hitting results in wins.

what is the steroid era

A period of time in MLB, when a number of players were believed to have used performance-enhancing drugs, resulting in increased offensive output throughout the game.

what did the lack of testing mean

It was unlikely players using PEDs would get caught.

explain Mark McGwire, Sammy Sosa and their home run chase

By the final week of the season, McGwire went on to finish with five home runs in his team's final series to reach 70 for the season, but admitted to using androstenedione during the 1998 home run chase, while in Sammy Sosa’s final week of the season he had battled back to draw even with McGwire at 65 home runs. Sosa finished second in the NL in home runs with 66, 26 more than his previous season high and was named National League MVP.

explain Barry Bonds and his homerun chase

Bonds hit 73 home runs to top the majors in 2001, as well as notching 73 homers despite failing to reach the 50-home run plateau in any prior season. He also hit his 500th career home run that season, and reached the 600 HR mark just a season later.

why would someone argue that the steroid era saved baseball

Because the steroids made home runs increase majorly and that’s what made baseball popular again.

why would someone argue that the steroid era did not save baseball

Many viewed it detrimental, giving players an unfair advantage, as well as teaching players that you can win without working hard for it.

according to Conte, did he ever give anyone illegal drugs

no

what is ZMA

Zinc Magnesium Aspartate

what did Tim say is the dark side

PEDs

what is the only professional sport where the use of steroids is mandatory

body building

how many medals did Marion Jones win in Sydney, and what was she forced to do

5, she was forced to give them back

steroids were banned in baseball at the time but there was no what

testing for them

explain project world record

world fastest human

in 2001, what was Barry Bonds trying to break, is there proof he used steroids, how many home runs had he hit by 2007, has he been elected into the MLB Hall of Fame, has he ever admitted to using PEDs

70 home run season record, yes urine samples, 756, no, no

what did the cream do

It managed your hormone level and made it not out of whack

did Tim Montgomery break the world record, what happened

yes

what did Tim call Victor because he’s not a doctor

con artist

were the clear and the cream illegal

no

how many charges was Victor Conte convicted of, how much time did he serve, what did he do after he got out of prison

2, a little over 4 months, contributed to the anti-doping movement

explain - if you want to compete, you have to cheat

In order to succeed you had to use steroids or other PEDs even if it meant ruining their health and morals

why did Johnson agree to take PEDs

Why should he train hard clean when everyone else was using PEDs (fair is fair)

why did athletes stop taking drugs before a race

so they wouldn’t test positive

did Carl Lewis test positive at the U.S. Olympic Trials, what was his explanation

yes, he said he didn’t know he was taking the illegal supplement

was Johnson taking an undetectable steroids in Seoul

yes

how fast did Johnson run in Seoul/time

9.79

why was Johnson stripped of his gold medal

he tested positive for stenazenol

when Johnson tested positive for a second time within five years, what type of ban did he receive

lifetime ban

explain - if you don’t take it, you won’t make it

if you weren’t taking steroids then you wouldn’t win because everyone else was taking them

man-made version of hormones normally produced by the adrenal glands

steroids

a class of drugs that are structurally related to testosterone, and produce effects by binding to the androgen receptor

anabolic steroids

a steroid hormone that stimulates development of male secondary sexual characteristics

testosterone

substances that are used to improve any form of activity performance in humans

PEDs

doping

the unlawful use of drugs to enhance or inhibit the performance of an athlete racehorse or greyhound, used by athletes during the steroid era

BALCO

a San Francisco Bay Area business which supplied and bolic steroids to professional athletes

the clear

a synthetic and orally active anabolic-androgene steroid which was never marketed for medical use, developed by Patrick Arnold and use by high profile athletes like Barry Bonds

the cream

a testosterone based ointment that is used in conjunction with the clear to mask doping in professional athletes

USADA

the U.S Anti-Doping Agency is a non-profit non-governmental 501 organization used to protect clean athletes rights by detecting and deterring the use of dangerous, banned performance-enhancing substances and methods