Chapter 12: Motivating Employees MGMT

Final Exam Chapter

What is motivation?

The psychological processes that arouse and direct goal‑directed behavior

Motivation can be intrinsic or extrinsic. What does intrinsic motivation come from?

The task itself

Which of the following is a personal factor affecting motivation?

Personality

Which of the following is a situational factor affecting motivation?

Rewards and reinforcement

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major perspectives on motivation?

Leadership power theories

Content theories focus on what?

The needs that motivate people

Which of the following is NOT a content theory?

Expectancy theory

Process theories focus on what?

Thought processes used to decide how to act

Equity theory states that employees compare their inputs and outcomes to whom?

A referent other

Which of the following is an example of reducing your inputs to restore equity?

Taking longer breaks

Which type of justice refers to the fairness of the process used to distribute rewards?

Procedural justice

Which type of justice refers to being treated with dignity and respect?

Interpersonal justice

In expectancy theory, “expectancy” refers to what?

Belief that effort leads to performance

In expectancy theory, “instrumentality” refers to what?

Belief that performance leads to rewards

In expectancy theory, “valence” refers to what?

Value placed on rewards

Goal‑setting theory states that employees are motivated by what type of goals?

Specific and challenging

Which job characteristic refers to using a variety of skills?

Skill variety

Which job characteristic refers to completing a whole, identifiable piece of work?

Task identity

Which job characteristic refers to the impact the job has on others?

Task significance

Which job characteristic refers to having responsibility for work outcomes?

Autonomy

Which job characteristic provides clear information about performance?

Feedback

Reinforcement theory states that behavior is a function of what?

Consequences

Positive consequences lead to what?

Behavior being repeated

Nonmonetary incentives include which of the following?

Work‑life balance

Which theory focuses on intrinsic motivation from the job itself?

Job characteristics theory