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What are the major landmarks on the medial surface of the occipital lobes?

Parieto-occipital sulcus and Calcarine Sulcus/Fissure

What is the primary function of the primary visual cortex (V1)?

It processes visual information received from the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN).

What are the two main visual streams originating from the visual cortex?

Dorsal Stream (for visual guidance of movements) and Ventral Stream (for object perception).

What visual function is primarily associated with area V4?

Color vision, along with roles in detection of movement, depth, and position.

What is the role of the dorsal stream in visual processing?

It is involved in the visual guidance of movements.

What is the function of the ventral stream?

It is responsible for object perception.

What is the significance of the superior temporal sulcus (STS) stream?

It is involved in visuospatial functions and movement perception.

What is 'blindsight'?

The ability to perceive motion and location without conscious awareness of seeing.

What is the result of damage to the ventral stream?

It leads to difficulties in object recognition.

What is the outcome of a complete cut of the optic tract?

It results in homonymous hemianopia.

What is 'macular sparing'?

A condition where the central vision is preserved despite visual field loss.

What type of visual agnosia is characterized by the inability to recognize objects?

Visual form agnosia.

What is the difference between apperceptive agnosia and associative agnosia?

Apperceptive agnosia involves difficulty forming a percept of the whole, while associative agnosia involves the inability to link percepts to knowledge.

What does the term 'field defects' refer to?

Visual field loss due to various types of brain damage.

What is the role of the parietal lobes in visual attention?

They guide movements and help in selective attention for specific visual input.

What is the primary visual area responsible for motion perception?

Area V5 (MT).

What does the Goodale & Milner model of vision emphasize?

The distinction between vision for perception and vision for action.

What is the significance of the fusiform gyrus in face processing?

It is involved in recognizing faces and configurational information.

What is the 'Thompson Illusion'?

An illusion demonstrating the effects of right hemisphere damage on face recognition performance.

What does the term 'perceptual constancy' refer to?

The ability to perceive objects as stable despite changes in sensory input.

What is the role of the inferior temporal lobe in visual processing?

It is primarily involved in object recognition.

What is the impact of bilateral damage to the occipital lobe?

It can lead to visual agnosia and impaired recognition of objects.

What is 'selective attention' in the context of visual processing?

The ability to focus on specific visual inputs while ignoring others.

What is the function of the lingual and fusiform gyri in the occipital lobe?

They are involved in processing visual information related to color and shape.

What is the significance of the perimetry test?

It assesses visual field defects and helps diagnose conditions like hemianopia.