Congress, President, and the Bureaucracy Test Review

Number of House of Representatives

435

HOR legth term

2 years

Qualification for HOR

25 year old, U.S citizen 7 years resident of state

Number of memebers in the senate

100 (2 per state)

Senate length term

6 yeras

Qualifications in Senate

30 years old, U.S. citizen 9 years, resident of state

What did the 17th Amendment do

allowed for the direct election of Senators.

what does a conference committee do

Reconciles differences between House and Senate versions of a bill

what type of committe is conference committee and why is it important to the lawmaking process

temporarcy joint committee; both must agree on an identical bill before it sent to president

what is the importance of the appropriation committee

controls feder4al spending set funding for government progrmas and agencies

how can congress exercise its use of oversight

through hearings, investigations, budget reviews, and requiring report frim federal agencies

what is a legislative hold? which house of congress is this used

used by senator to deplay a bill or nomination.

define congressional caucus

A group of members of Congress sharing some interest or characteristic. Many are composed of members from both parties and from both houses.

how many people does each representative represent in each district

750,000

what is the purpose of a filibuster in the senate? what is the process called to stop a filibuster

a filibuster is used to delay or block senate action, it can be used to stopped by cloture, requiring 60 votes

Reapportionment

the process of reassigning representation based on population, after every census

Gerrymandering

the drawing of legislative district boundaries to benefit a party, group, or incumbent

Delegate Model

The view that an elected represent should represent the opinions of his or her constituents.

porl-barrel legislation

legislation that directs specific funds to projects within districts or states

trustee model

Legislators should consider the will of the people but act in ways that they believe are best for the long-term interest of the nation

What is the impeachment process?

A majority of the members of the House must vote for these charges in order to impeach the president. After the charges of misconduct are filed, the Senate has the power to try impeachment cases like a court. Two-thirds of the senators must vote for conviction.

what are the constitutional requirements to be president

35 years old, Natural born U.S citizen, resident for 14 years

what are some presidental powers found in the constitution

commander in cheif, veto power, treaty making (with senate approval), appoint judges and officals (with senate approval)

what are some informal powers of the president (not found in the constitution, but the president implies the right to do them )? what are some examples

executive orders, executive agreements, bully pulpit, signing statements

what is the signigficance of the tenure of office act of 1867

led to andrew johnson's impeachment

What is the spoils system?

the practice of a successful political party giving public office to its supporters.

What is the State of the Union Address?

a yearly address delivered each January by the president of the US to Congress, giving the administration's view of the state of the nation and plans for legislation.

how does the president select his cabinet? who has to confim presidential appointments

president appoints cabinet members, the senate confirms

how does the bureaucracy use their implementation power? provide a specidic guideline the bureaucracy makes that shows their power

Agencies write detailed rules to enforce laws

what is the importance of the office of management and budget

prepares the president's budger and oversees agency performace

what is the difference between a treaty and an executive agreement

treaty: requires senate approval, Executive: does not requires senate approval

What is an example of an independent executive agency

NASA, enviromental protection agency, CIA

What is an example of an independent regulatory agency

federal communications

what are some example of entitlement programs that help address the poor in the U.S

Medicaid, Supplemental Nutrition Assastance program

what are some examples of mandatory spending in the federal budget

Socail security, medicare, interest on the national debt

education funding gets most of their funding from which level of government- federal or state

state government provide majoirty of education funding

what is an example of non-defense discretionary spending

the national park service or public eduaction grants

what is the significance of the federal reserve board

control monet supply and intrest rates, regulates banks, aims to ensure economic stability and control inflation

what is the significance of the securities abd exchnages commission

regulates the stock market, enforces law against market manipulation and fraud, protects investors by ensuring transpearency

what is the significance of the pendleton act and hatch act

the pendleton act, established a merit-based system for federal employmant= less corruption, Hatch Act, limits political of federal employess= ensures nonpartisan civil serves

what are some examples of good governments spending

roads, pubic education, NASA, and national defense

What are some examples of wasteful government spending

duplicative program , abandoned federal building, expensive defense contracts with poor oversights