Bio Chapter 2

What is the function of the cell membrane?

1. Prevents cell content from escaping

2. Differentially or Partially Permeable to allows certain substances to enter and leave the cell

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

• Site of chemical reactions

• Contains cell organelles

What is the function of the Nucleus?

• Controls cell divisions

• Controls cell development

• Controls cell activities

• Contains DNA

What is the function of the Mitochondria?

• Organelle where aerobic respirations happens

• Produces energy

Which part of the body is mitochondria found the most in?

• The muscle

What is the function of the Ribosome

• Makes protein

• Can be found within the cytoplasm

What is the function and features of chloroplast?

• Carry out Photosynthesis

• Green pigment chlorophyll

• Captures Sunlight

• Starch Granule

What is the function of the cell wall?

• The cell’s structure

• Provide support, shape

• Maintain turgidity

• Made up of cellulose

• Prevents the plant cells from bursting

• Allows water and salt to pass through (freely permeable)

What is the function of the vacuole?

• Contains cell sap

• Which dissolves substances

What is the feature of the red blood cell?

1. Large Surface Area

2. No nucleus

3. Contains haemoglobin

4. Biconcave shape

5. Small

How does a large surface area affect the red blood cell?

Oxygen can diffuse easily due to the short diffusion distance.

How does having no nucleus affect the red blood cell?

There is more space for haemoglobin to combine with oxygen.

How does having a biconcave shape affect the red blood cell?

There is a larger surface area for gas exchange.

How does having a small shape affect the red blood cell?

It can easily squeeze through narrow capillaries.

What is the feature of a ciliated cell?

• Has cilia

Where is the ciliated cell found in?

The trachea.

What is the function of a ciliated cell?

1. To move mucus away from the lungs

2. Filter out dust and particles

What is the feature of a nerve cell?

1. Long, branched and has extensions

2. Has myelin sheath

What is the function of a nerve cell?

• Transmit nerve impulse in the form of electrical signals.

What is the feature of a sperm cell?

1. Has a tail to swim towards the egg cell

2. Has mitochondria to generate energy

3. Has acrosome (enzyme) to digest the jelly coat of the egg cell

4. Nucleus contains genetic material from the male.

What is the function of a sperm cell?

• To fertilize the egg cell

What is the features of an egg cell?

1. Has nutrients in cytoplasm for growth of embryo

2. Nucleus contains genetic material from them female

3. Immobile

What is the function of an egg cell?

• To get fertilized during fertilization by the sperm.

What is the feature of Root Hair Cell?

• It is long/ elongated

• Thin

• Large Surface Area

What is the function of a Root Hair Cell?

• To absorb water and minerals

What is the feature of a Palisade Mesophyll Cell?

1. Neat and arranged in order

2. A lot of chloroplast

What is the function of a Palisade Mesophyll Cell?

1. To carry out (maximum) photosynthesis

2. Capture light energy

What is the formula of magnification?

Magnification= Image/ Actual