Vietnam War

Identify the five US presidents involved in Vietnam and explain what role each played

Eisenhower (pays for French War), Kennedy(sent military advisors), LBJ(sent troops), Nixon(tries to get out), Ford(the end)

Identify the country that once controlled Vietnam and explain why and where they lost control

France control Vietnam since 1800s. During WW2, Vietnamese sought independence (France lost war, they started to rebel)

Explain how and why the US got involved in Vietnam back in 1954

US pays for the French war because we fear the domino effect of communism, Am. people didn't know this

Explain the Geneva Accord

purpose: stop fighting in Vietnam, agree to split Vietnam in 1/2, N - Commi., S - free

Explain why the US refused to agree to the Geneva accord

US never signed (wanted all of Vietnam to be free)

Identify SEATO

South East Asian Treaty org., Agreed to protect area against communism

Identify the parallel Vietnam split on

17th parallel

identify the leader, the government style, and the militaries of North Vietnam

N.Viet - gov - communist - leader - Ho Chi Minh, militaries- NVA - North Viet. Army, Viet Cong (terrorists)

Identify the leader, the government style, and the military of South Vietnam

S.Viet - gov - pro western, Democratic, leader - Ngo Dinh Diem, military - ARVIV - Army + US.

Explain how the Civil War began in Vietnam and how JFK reacted

North attacks South, JFK (US) sends mil. advisors to train S.Viet, Americans still didn't know

explain why Diem was overthrown

he was a bad leader because: he misspends $$, took land away, gave jobs to friends + family, imprisoned people who speak out, forced the catholic religions.

Diem is killed w/ US help.

Identify the new leader of South Vietnam

Nguyen Van Thieu

Explain the Gulf of Tonkin incident

US ships attacked by North Vietnam, LBJ wants to take action

Explain the Gulf of Tonkin resolution

Congress does it, gave president more power (LBJ can do whatever he wants in regards to Vietnam)

Identify who began to send U.S. combat troops to Vietnam.

LBJ, increase (send troops)

Explain the U.S. strategy for fighting in Vietnam and explain the problems with it

Operation Rolling Thunder (bomb), search + destroy (find enemy + kill), issue: don't know who the enemy is.

Explain the North Vietnamese strategy for fighting and explain the benefits of it.

Guerrilla Warfare, tunnels, Ho Chi Minh Trail (supply line going in through the rear)

Identify the weapons used in Vietnam.

Napalm (sticky fire), Agent Orange (defoliant).

Explain why South Vietnam was bombed more frequently.

South Vietnam was bombed to target Viet Cong and North Vietnamese forces.

Explain why U.S. did not have the full support of South Vietnam.

U.S. bombs them, Viet Cong used terrorism to get support.

Explain the Tet offensive and how this effected the war.

Tet - Vietnam New Year, quiet time during war., N.V. attacked all of S.V, US does regain everything they attacked, turning point of war (lack of support).

Explain the My Lai massacre and explain what this said about the war.

U.S. destroyed a S.V. village, suspected Viet Cong there., effects: questions role of authority in military, shows brutality of guerrilla warfare

Explain how the Vietnam war different from other wars.

average soldier age: 19 y/o, soldiers now do tour of duty, no clear goal, lack of support.

Identify the term, dove. (in regards to the war)

doves - anti-war

identify the term, hawk. (in regards to the war)

Hawks - pro war

explain how the draft system worked during the Vietnam war and explain why many people had issues with the draft

18-26 y/o age range, exceptions: went to college, certain jobs, homosexual, married, etc.

Explain why Johnson did not seek reelection in 1968

LBJ is up for reelection, he drops out.

Why: feels pressure from military during war, felt like he was being blamed.

identify the issue in the 1968 election

Vietnam

identify the candidates for the 1968 election, their political parties and explain their stance on Vietnam

VP Hubert Humphrey (D)-pro war, Robert Kennedy (D) - anti-war, Richard Nixon(R) - wishy-washy (doesn't answer the question), phrase: "peace with honor".

Explain what happened at the 1968 democratic convention

huge riots in Chicago, anti-war, pro, civil rights, etc, all gathered there, very violent.

explain the chant "the whole world is watching"

Power of media

identify the winner of the 1968 election and explain why he won

Kennedy's killed, Nixon wins

explain what happened at Kent State

A college in Ohio- college students protesting, national guard called in, National Guard opens fire, four students killed., negative press.

Explain what it means to have veterans protesting the same war in which they fought

many vets come home, protest against the war, shows this war is VERY messed up.

explain the significance of having protest songs, reaching the top of the billboard charts.

many protest songs reach the top, shows anti-war.

explain Vietnamization and explain why people opposed it

Nixon's idea to end the war: turn war over to SV, train SV army, and increase bombing. Many question the bombing, is that increasing war?

explain why US be invading Cambodia how did Americans react to this?

US/Nixon bombs, Cambodia because the Ho Chi Minh Trail, enemies are there.

America reacted with outrage, widespread protests

Identify the War Powers Act

within 48 hrs, pres. Must tell Congress of troop movement., if it goes on for 60+ days, Congress must approve.

Identify the 26th amendment and explain the reason for its passage

lower voting age to 18 because of draft

Explain the significance of the pentagon papers

NY times, leaked all the lies: Gulf of Tonkin incident, paying for the French, military advisors.

Am: distrust gov.

explain the parts of the Paris peace accords

treaty, US will get out, all parties will leave Cambodia + Laos, 17th // will be kept until it can be reunited, all POW's will be exchanged.

explain the significance of the fall of Saigon ( capital of SV)

NV took over SV, it's all one country today under communism

identify what happened to Cambodia and Laos

Laos + Cambodia became Commi., also, (Domino Theory).

Explain the reflection America has had on the Vietnam War

we learned: need clear goal, need support, involved only when vital interests are at stake.