RA Final study guide 2024

Rods

see grey scale colors

Cones

red, blue and green

White light

when rods and cones are stimulated equally

Reflected light

creates coloe that we see

absorbed light

in-reflected light that is absorbed

Hue

a pure color or its variation (like tint or shade)

Value

the lightness of darkness of a hue. Lighter hues are higher value and darker hues are lower value.

White

highest value color

Black

lowest value color

Tints

white added to a hue to lighten its value

Shades

black added to a hue to darken its value

Chroma or Saturation

the purity or intensity of a color

Tone

created by the addition of grey or an unequal amount of a color's complement.

Monochromatic

tints or shades of a hue

Achromatic colors

Colors not found on the spectrum (white, grey, black)

Primary colors

Cannot be created by mixing other colors. Red, blue, and yellow.

Secondary colors

color combinations of two primary colors (Red and Yellow= Orange)

Intermediate colors

the combination fo a primary and secondary color adjacent on the color wheel. (blue green).

Warm hues

Longer wavelengths of light, makes objects seem closer.

Orange

warmest hue

Cool hues

shorter wavelengths of light, makes objects seem farther away.

Analogous hues

Colors next to each other on the color wheel, go well in matching

Complementary colors

colors across from each other on the color wheel. Consists of one warm hue and one cool hue

Juxtaposition

placement of colors next to each other.

Split complementary

variation of the complementary color scheme. Involves a base color and the two colors adjacent to its complement

Triadic color scheme

three color evenly spaced around the color wheel- three colors in between them

Tetradic color scheme

Involves two complementary color pairs, creates a rectangle shape on the color wheel

Square color scheme

also uses four colors. evenly spaced around the color wheel with two colors between them. Two warm hues, two cool hues

Pure hues

come from a sourced heavily concentrated on one spot in the color spectrum. most colored lights are not this

Direct lighting

light source pointed at the subject

Semi-indirect lighting

partially deflected light

Diffused lighting

light is scattered or bounced off a ceiling or wall

Semi-diffused

directed rays mixed with diffused

Color rendering index

Measurement of the ability of light source to show the true color of an object as percerived by the human eye. Scale of 1-100

Incandescent

illumination produced by the glow of a filament. CRI of 95-100

LED

Light Emitting Diode. Emit light through a piece of solid matter as opposed to a vacuum or gas. Energy efficient.

Gas Discharge Lights

Fluorescents. Light created by sending electricity through gas or plasma. Discontinuous spectrums. Dominant in a single color

Additive Colored light method

Multiple light sources combined to equal white light

Red+ Blue+ Green light

White light

Red+ Blue light

Magenta

Blue+ Green light

Cyan

Red+ Green light

Yellow

Subtractive method

Colored Gels placed in front of a single light source

Cyan+ Magenta+ Yellow

Nearly black

Cyan + Magenta

Blue

Cyan+ Yellow

Green

Magenta +yellow

Red

Pre embalming compress

used for weight and moisture retention

Co embalming compress

used for weight, bleaching, preservation, and moisture

Post embalming compress

used for weight, moisture, bleaching, and preservation

Preservation compress

soaked in cavity fluid, phenol or phenol substitute, or arterial solution.

Bleaching compress

Used for extravascular discolorations, more control than localized hypodermic injection

Pressure compress

saturate cotton with water, dont squeeze out, place on swollen area,

Cold water

slows chemical reaction

Warm water

speeds chemical reactions

Moisture retention compress

apply a humectant apply cotton

Clay spray

hair product that crates texture and volume

Hair gel

A hair product that produces a strong hold, slick down hair but can make hair feel and appear hard and shiny

Mousse

A hair product for wavy or curly hair; defines waves and curls while reducing frizz

Pomade

a hair product that is greasy or waxy that is used to style and hold hair

edge control

a strong hold gel, cream, balm, or stick used to lay down baby hairs and frizz along the hairline with a tightly bristled brush. Used for very curly hair and tightly coiled hair

Curl Cream

a hair cream that shapes, moisturizes and accentuates natural curls

Balding or thinning wigs

wig where hair is tied sparsely to replicate thinning or balding

Falls

half wigs that can be clipped under natural hair to make is look fuller and longer

Suture selection

size, location, ligature thickness, needle gauge

Baseball stitch

great utility, secure, easy, most commonly used

Inversion stitch

aka draw or worm. Secure, great wax-ability. used to gather in and turn under excess skin tissue. Done after embalming

Whip stitch

aka roll. Simplest, best for long incisions

Lock stitch

aka interlocking or running stitch. Unslightly ridge, "leak proof"

Intradermal stitch

aka hidden stitch. ligature thickness, glue, anchors inside

Basket weave

not for incision closure. A base for wax

Purse string

draws openings shut

N-stitch

aka z-suture. closes openings

Bridge

aka individual. temporary stitch

Lip wax

softest and pliable. Used on small shallow areas. can be mixed with cosmetics or cosmetixed over

Surface restorer

AKA soft wax. Less pliable than lip wax. Used for deep abrasions or shallow lacerations. Used over sutures

Modeling wax

stiff wax that holds its form. used to model parts or all of the face. Good for covering sutures. Cosmetize over

Wound Filler

thickest, least adhesive, shape features, support other waxes, cosmetize over top

Feathering

spreading wax from the center to the edges

Texture

done before cosmetics

Stippling

texture method. pecking motion done with a brush.

Paper towel

texture method. light patting motion, raised bumps are uniform

Gauze

texture method, uniform pores, softer touch, light patting motion

Citrus peel

texture method, organic pores, press gently

Latex mold

Texture method, liquid latex, human skin, citrus peel

Smoothing

can use water, solvent, fingers, spatula, brush

Foundation

base for cosmetics-blankets skin and evens out skin tone

Carotene

yellow pigment of the skin like that of adipose tissue

Lipstick

this emollient is used to add color to lips in a cream

Semi-opaque

this type of liquid and cream cosmetic appears dense in the container and can hide faint blemishes

Setting powder

loose or compact powder-applied lightly over liquid and creme cosmetics to set them- Brush or blower- too heavy will cause cracking in the cosmetic- allows for a base of pigmented powders

Cool

The colors pink and blue are considered this type of undertone

Ornamental

this type of cosmetology id s treatment of creating illusionary alterations to the face-look fatter, smaller. The use of cosmetics to enhance those that wore cosmetics

Primer

this type of cosmetic aids in cosmetic adherence- prevents cosmetic absorption- increases longevity of cosmetic

Color correctors

neutralizes discoloration and pigmented blemishes- opposing colors on the color wheel- Palette, fluid, creme, or stick. Use under foundation or concealers. - Generally choose the complementary color of the discoloration

Occlusive

moisturizer that seals moisture and creates a barrier-. Ingredients: paraffin, petroleum, lanolin- for dry skin- typically too heavy for the face, good for hands- best in dry environment- Prevents make up from adhering to skin

Humectant

Contains glycerin, sorbitol, lactic acid, alpha hydroxy acids, light and suitable for layering cosmetics- lacks heavy oils- best in a humid environment- Has "hydrating" or "plumping" in the title

Emollient

moisturizer that fills gaps between skin cells. Example: massage cream

Concealer

opaque cream cosmetic for concealing blemishes- best for small discolorations- use one shade lighter than the skin tone

Natural highlights

in contouring, these areas: top of the nose, jsut above the cheekbones, under the lower eyelids- forehead, chin, highpoints of the ear are