science vocab

Hurricanes

a cyclone or severe rotating tropical storm that produces high winds and severe rain in  the Northern Hemisphere east of the International Date Line

Floods

a large amount of water spilling onto land that is usually dry

Droughts

a less than normal amount of rain or snow over a long period of time

Atmosphere

the layer of gases surrounding Earth. Its layers include the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere

Water vapor

the gaseous state of water; a variable gas that is found in Earth's atmosphere

Oxygen

a gas that makes up about 21 percent of Earth's atmosphere

Permanent gases

a gas in the atmosphere for which the relative amount stays constant Oxygen and nitrogen are permanent gases

Variable gas

The ozone is like a big invisible roof over the Earth that stops the bad, hot sun rays from hurting us.

greenhouse gas

a gas that absorbs and radiates energy in the atmosphere, trapping thermal energy

Thermal energy

radiant energy that heat

Stratosphere

the layer of the atmosphere above the troposphere The ozone layer is a stratosphere

Kinetic energy

energy of motion

Density

the amount of mass in a sample of matter compared to the volume of that sample

Barometer 

a weather tool that measures air pressure

matter

anything that has mass and takes up space

Troposphere

the layer of the atmosphere that begins at Earth’s surface and extends upward for an average of 15km Weather happens in the troposphere

Air pressure

The force exerted on a surface by the mass of the air above it: also called atmospheric pressure

Mesosphere

the layer of the atmosphere above the stratosphere

Thermosphere 

the layer of atmosphere of the mesophere

Exosphere

the layer of the atmosphere above the thermosphere. The exosphere marks the transition from the atmosphere to space. 

Convection 

energy transfers during which hot fluids rises and cold fluid sinks which creates a cycle

Axis

An imaginary axle that the planet spins on

Rotation

spinning on a axis

Solstice

A day of the year when the North Pole is angled farthest towards or away from the sun

Equinox

day of the year when the sun ray shines right down off the equator in length of the day and night are equal to everyone