8.2 DDT pathology and procedures part 2

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insertion of a needle into the abdominal cavity to withdraw fluid

paracentesis

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Branch of healthcare involved with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of conditions involving the teeth, jaw, and mouth. Practitioner is a dentist

dentistry

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procedure in which a flexible gastroscope is passed through the mouth and down the esophagus to visualize inside the stomach

gastroscopy

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instrument used to view inside the sigmoid colon

sigmoidoscope

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instrument used to view inside the abdominal cavity

laparoscope

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process of visually examining the colon by passing a colonoscope through the anus and rectum

colonoscopy

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instrument used to view inside the colon

colonoscope

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procedure used to visualize the hepatic duct, common bile duct, and pancreatic duct; involves use of an endoscope, X-rays, and contrast dye

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopan-creatography (ERCP)

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instrument used to view inside the stomach

gastroscope

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procedure in which a flexible sigmoidoscope is used to visually examine the sigmoid colon

sigmoidoscopy

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method of determining whether a person’s weight is healthy; involves dividing weight in kilograms by height in square meters, then comparing the result to a predefined range of values

body mass index (BMI)

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use of a flexible fiberoptic scope to visualize the esophagus, stomach, and beginning of the duodenum

esophagogastro-duodenoscopy (EGD)

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procedure in which a lighted laparoscope is passed through the abdominal wall and used to visually examine the abdominal cavity

laparoscopy

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injection of fluid through the rectum and into the large intestine

enema

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surgical creation of a connection between two organs or vessels,

anastomosis

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abdominal operation for the purpose of examining the abdominal organs and tissues for signs of disease or abnormalities,

exploratory laparotomy

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—surgical removal of an anal fistula,

fistulectomy

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laparoscopic bariatric surgical procedure that places a restrictive band around the top portion of the stomach,

gastric banding

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procedure that closes off a large section of the stomach with staples,

gastric stapling

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use of a nasogastric (NG) tube to place liquid nourishment in the stomach,

gavage

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surgical repair of the palate,

palatoplasty

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surgical repair of the throat,

pharyngoplasty

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insertion of a flexible catheter through the nose and down the esophagus to the stomach,

"nasogastric intubation (NG tube)"

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surgical removal of the colon,

colectomy

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surgical removal of a diverticulum

diverticulectomy

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surgical creation of an opening of some portion of the colon through the abdominal wall to the outside surface of the body,

colostomy

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surgical removal of the stomach,

gastrectomy

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group of surgical procedures to treat morbid obesity by reducing stomach size or diverting food from part of the alimentary canal,

bariatric surgery

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surgical removal of the gallbladder,

cholecystectomy

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crushing of a gallstone in the common bile duct,

choledocholithotripsy

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surgical creation of an opening in the ileum,

ileostomy

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implantation of a donor liver,

liver transplant

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bariatric surgical procedure that divides the stomach into two portions, then connects the upper portion directly to the small intestine,

gastric bypass

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surgical repair of a hernia; also called herniorrhaphy,

hernioplasty

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surgical removal of the appendix,

appendectomy

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providing 100% of a patient’s nutrition intravenously,

total parenteral nutrition (TPN)

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surgical fixation of the rectum and anus

proctopexy

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use of a nasogastric (NG) tube to wash out the stomach

lavage

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surgical procedure to create an opening in the stomach

gastrostomy

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surgical removal of the gallbladder through a small abdominal incision using a laparoscope

laparoscopic cholecystectomy

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surgical removal of hemorrhoids from the anorectal area

hemorrhoidectomy

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surgical incision into the abdomen

laparotomy

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Branch of dentistry concerned with correction of tooth alignment problems. Specialist is an orthodontist.

orthodontics

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Branch of medicine involved in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the anus and rectum. Physician is a proctologist.

proctology

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Branch of dentistry concerned with treating conditions involving the gums and tissues surrounding the teeth. Specialist is a periodontist.

periodontics

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Branch of medicine involved in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the digestive system. Physician is a gastroenterologist.

gastroenterology

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Branch of dentistry that uses surgical means to treat dental conditions. Specialist is an oral surgeon.

oral surgery