Chapter 5 Vocab-APHUG-AMSCO

Migration

the permanent or semi-permanent relocation of people from one place to another

Voluntary Migration

Movement made by choice

Push factors

negative circumstances, events, or conditions present where they live that compels a person to leave

Pull Factors

Positive conditions and circumstances

Immigrant

a person who migrates across an international border with the intention of staying permanently

Emigrant

People who migrate away from somewhere

Migration transition model

argues that countries in stages 2 and 3 of the demographic transition model experience rapid population growth and overcrowding

intervening obstacle

barriers that make reaching their desired destination more difficult

intervening opportunities

opportunities en route that disrupt their original migration plan

distance decay

the further apart two places are, the less likely it is that people will migrate between those places

gravity model of migration

The model assumes that the size and distance between two cities or countries will influence the amount of interactions that include migration, travel, and economic activity.

Step Migration

a process in which migrants reach their eventual destination through a series of smaller moves

counter migration

migration flow produces a movement in the opposite direction

Forced migration

migration that is involuntary, meaning migrants have no choice but to move

Asylum

protection granted by one country to an immigrant from another country who has a legitimate fear of harm or death if he or she returns

Internal Migration

movement that occurs within a country

Chain Migration

people migrate to and settle in a new country, they often decide to locate within a city or community where others from their home country, family members, friends, or those from their culture groups have previously settled

Transhumance

the process of herders moving with their animals to different pastures during different seasons

guest-worker policies

regulate the number of workers who can temporarily enter each country to work in specific industries for a defined amount of time

xenophobia

a strong dislike of people of another culture

Remittances

money sent to their family and friends in the country they left

brain drain

when migration out of a country is made up of many highly skilled people

Ethnic enclaves

neighborhoods filled primarily with people of the same ethnic group