Week 1: Lab Values and Interpretation- CBC

reference ranges

normative range validated annually

triangulate data

trends of values, critical lab results, age, symptoms, acute vs chronic, disease conditions

CBC stands for

complete blood count

what 5 things are within the CBC

WBC, RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets

normal range for WBC adults

5000-10000

what is it called with increased WBC

Leukocytosis

leukocytosis causes

infection, inflammation, bone marrow disease, immune disorders, severe stress/pain

leukocytosis presentation

fever, fatigue, bleeding, bruising, frequent infections

leukocytosis clinical implications

monitor signs and symptoms, consider timing of session due to early morning lows and late afternoon peaks

leukocytosis puts you at increased risk for

cardiac, pulmonary, renal, and neurological involvement (leukostasis)

what is it called with low WBC

leukopenia

leukopenia causes

chemotherapy, radiation, marrow diseases, viral infections, dietary deficiency, autoimmune disease

leukopenia presentation

frequent infections, inflammation/ulcers at mouth, headache, stiff neck, sore throat, fever/chills, night sweats

leukopenia clinical implications

monitor for infections, minitor fatigue, look at BORG RPE and dyspnea scale

WBC function

indentify presence of infection, inflammation, allergens

platelets

helps stop bleeding and forms clot

RBC

transport oxygen to tissues and CO2 to lungs

rbc contain

hemoglobin

hemoglobin

measures oxygen carrying capacity of RBCs

hematocrit

percentage of RBCs in total blood volume

what 2 things often trend in the same direction

hemoglobin and hematocrit

neturophils

majority of WBC and protect against foreign substances

basophils

immune response, particularly to allergies and release histamine

eosinophils

attack parasites and play a role in asthma and allergy

monocytes

migrate into tissues during injury or infection (aka macrophages)

lymphocytes

produce antibodies, fight tumor cells, respond to viral infection

thrombocytosis, thrombocythemia, thrombocytopenia all are involving ___

platelets

leuko means

WBC

erythro means

RBC

polycythemia means

increased hemoglobin

anemia means

low hemoglobin

-cytosis and -cythemia means

elevated

-penia means

decreased