Social Studies Final exam

humanism

An intellectual movement that studied Greek and Roman classical cultures.

Johannes Guttenberg

The man who invented the printing press

Secularism

A non-religous way of something

Individualism

Emphasis on a individual acheivment

Renaissance

A rebirth with new changes and more creativity in areas.

Perspective

A technique that allowed for Artists to represent a 3-D world on a 2-D surface

Sculptor

A technique that created statues to portray a message

Human Anatomy

type of Art Technique was drawing from live models to potray the human body more accuratel

Indulgences

Given away by priests to take away from sin

Martin Luther

German monk who turned people protestant and wrote 95 theses

95 Theses

A list of complaints made by Martin Luther that targeted Indulgences, Wealth of Church, and power of the pope

John Calvin

French Theologian inspired by Luther who believed in predestination

It reflected new ideas and attitudes, and it created new styles and techniques

two reasons why art was important during the Renaissance

Roman and Greek

Ancient ____ and _____ art influenced art styles and techniques. Artists painted ____ Mythology and built domes based on ___ and ____ art.

Fresco

A art technique during the Renaissance that was used to paint murals.

Architecture

the construction of arches,domes and columns, which were desgined off of ancient Greek and roman ways

English Reformation

The shift in the English church led by King Henry VIII who wanted to end papal control over the English Church.

Catholic Reformation

When the Catholic church was reformed by the Council of Trent about it abusing its power.

The inquisition

When the Spaniards killed the people who did not go back to the Catholic Church

Scientific Revolution

The revolution that helped create new understandings of the Universe, and improve medicine and chemistry, also led people to questioning society.

Motivations for exploration

Increased price of spices, trade broke down with Asia, and new improvements with sailing and geography. Were all ______

Korea

Allowed for some trade during age of exploration

Japan

Country who chose isolation during the age of exploration

Raw materials such as Rum, Tobacco, furs, and Cotton

sent from North America to Europe

Manufactured goods such as guns, cloth, and Cash

sent from Europe to Africa?(and also to North America partially)

Slave

sent from Africa to North America?

Middle Passage

The second leg of the triangle trade where slaves where transported to the Americas

Absolute rule

A type of government in which one ruler had complete authority over the people and government.

Divine right

The belief that a rulers authority came directly from god

Natural Rights

Rights that belonged to all humans from birth

Social Conrract

An agreement by which citizens gave up their freedom in exchange for an organized scoiety.

Laissez Faire

A policy in which buisnesses were allowed to operate with little to no government interferance

Old Regime, Englightenment Ideas, Economic Decline, Poor leadership, Overall desire for reform

Five major causes of French Revolution

Storming of Bastille

When 800 citizens of Paris stormed the Bastille representing the end of the Absolute Monarchy and the beginning of the French Revolution.

Declaration of the Rights of Man and citizen

A document that mentioned all men were bron equal and had natural rights.

the march on Versailles

where 6,000 women marched 13 miles to versailles to confront the king

French Constitution of 1791

The constiution that stripped that Catholic Church’s power over France, established a limited monarchy, and gave power to the National Assembly.

Reign of Terror

A period in which terror was used to rid of France’s opponents

Equality through death

The message of the guillotine

Napoleon’s reign

When a peasant from Corsica was able to work his way up through French society and become a dictator

Natural Resources, Labor, Capital, and Entreprenuership

The four things that allowed for industrialization to happen in Britain

Canals and Steam Locomotives

Which two things helped Britain improve transportation

France, Germany, and united State

countries that were to industrialize after industrial revolution

Russia

Only country that was unable to industrialize after industrial revolution

Urbanization

the movement of people to cities

Standard of living

 level of material goods available to people in a society

Social Mobility

The ability to move up the social ladder

Machiavelli

Wrote the Prince which asked the question as a ruler is it better to be feared or loved? - Talked about how to maintain and gain power

Galileo

Craters on the Moon, and Jupiter’s moons were discovered by _____

Lutheran

Martin Luther’s church

Individualism,Humanism, and secularism

What were three new art THEMES?

Castiglione

He wrote the Courtier which’s main message of what the ideal courtier should be.

Ferdinand Magellen

First Explorer to cirumnavigate the Earth

it became based off of race

What was the biggest change in slavery after the 1400s?

Life,liberty, and property

What were the three things everyone was entitled to with Natural rights?

capital

money used to invest in enterprises

Imperialism

When one country dominates the political, economic, and social life of another country or region

Political

Nationalism, Empire building/prestige, bases for trade/supplies were all _____ motivations for imperialism.

Economic

Resources, Labor, and Expand markets were all _____ motivations for imperialism.

social

Social Darwinism, Christianity, and Humanitarian were all _____ motivations for imperialism.

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism

What does MAIN stand for in terms of causes of WWI?

Aircraft,Tanks, and machine guns

What kind of new Technology was there during WWI?

Countries dedicated all of their resources towards the war

How did WWI represent total war?

The treaty of Versailles blamed Germany for the war, forced Germany to pay war reparations, Army and Navy was reduced severely, Lost territory, and had to demilitarize the rhineland

What were the effects of WWI?

New technology, Jazz, Flappers, Progress for women, Scientific Discoveries, New perspectives through literature, and Art

What made people anxious during Age of Anxiety?

HyperInflation

What economic issue did germany face after WWI?

Mapmaker

What is a cartographer?

When the revolutionaries got locked out of their building and went to the tennis courts and promised that they would not stop holding meetings until the constitution was changed.

What was the Tennis Court Oath?

Rifles had to be greased with pork fat which the Muslims did not like

How did the use of the Enfield rifle lead to the Sepoy Rebellion?

extraterritoriality

The right to live in a different country under your own set of laws and tried in your own courts

Japan became an empire

What changes came as result of the Meiji Restoration?

Because it caused the opium wars which Britain set up enequal treaties

How was opium a cause of China’s future unfair trade agreements