Animal Nutrition Flashcards

Flashcards on animal nutrition

Lysine

First limiting amino acid in broiler diets; meeting this requirement will meet everything else.

Positive Associative Effect

Consumption of one feed will result in an increase in the consumption of another.

Nutrient

Any food component (chemical) that aids in the support of life.

TDN:CP ratio for balanced forages

4:1 to 7:1

Gross Energy (GE)

Feed energy consumed.

Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF)

Used in the dairy industry mostly to predict DMI (Dry Matter Intake).

Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF)

Used to predict digestibility of forage by ruminants.

True Digestibility

Accounts for metabolic fecal nitrogen; a more accurate measure of digestibility than apparent digestibility.

Apparent Digestibility

assumes all fecal material is undigested feed.

Fescue Toxicosis

Caused by a fungal endophyte in tall fescue, leading to restricted blood flow to extremities.

PEM (Polioencepalomalacia)

Neurological disease in ruminants associated with low thiamine and high sulfur intake.

Essential Amino Acids

Amino acids that must be provided in the diet because they cannot be synthesized by the body.

Feeding

Providing an entirely new diet.

Supplementation

Adding nutrients on top of the pre-existing diet.

Maintenance Energy Requirements

Energy needed for an animal to neither gain nor lose body weight - energy for vital bodily functions, maintain body temperature, protein for tissue repair

Ionophores

Substances that disrupt the Na/K homeostasis in targeted Gram-positive bacteria, altering VFA production and reducing methane production.

Beta-Agonists

Stimulate beta-receptors, speeding up rate of fat release or burned from fat cells and decreases rate of fat deposition while partitioning more nutrients to protein synthesis and muscle growth and decreasing rate of protein degradation

Leptin

An anorexigenic (appetite suppressant) cytokine produced by adipocytes.

Ghrelin

An enteric orexigenic (appetite-stimulating) peptide.

Coprophagy

The practice of eating fecal material to recover nutrients, particularly microbial protein in the hindgut.