BMA122 EXAM 1

Elements & Principles of Design (January 27, 2024)

Line

a straight path connecting two points in space

Shape

a two-dimensional figure with defined boundaries and characteristics

Form

e threedimensional structure embodying depth and volume

Value

o the lightness or darkness of a color, providing contrast and depth in an artwork

Elements of Design

the fundamental aspects of any visual design

Principles of Design

set of rules that designers can follow when creating a composition to create visually pleasing work

Horizontal lines

lines that are parallel to the horizon and generally flow from left to right or vice versa

Vertical lines

lines that move up and down without any slant.

Diagonal lines

lines that slant

Zig zag lines

lines that change direction abruptly

Curved lines

lines that gradually change direction.

Broken lines

include open spaces but continue on a path. These lines may imply an edge or be used to communicate a highlight

Implied lines

may include the open space in between broken lines. These lines may not be visible but are implied due to contrast in value or the inclusion of broken lines.

Space

the perceived distance between elements, shaping the overall composition

Texture

the feel or appearance of a surface in art.

Color

the visual result of how an object reflects or emits ligh

Physical Texture

o its tactile texture that you can feel when you touch it

Visual Texture

manipulating materials on their canvas

Invented Texture

A texture that is completely made up by the artist, usually resembling a pattern or design.

Abstract Texture

using different textures in places they don’t belong

Juxtaposition

two things are placed together to emphasize contrast

Color Wheel

a circular arrangement of colors organized by their chromatic relationship to one another

Color Scheme

an association of colors based on an organizational system

Balance

the distribution of visual elements to create a sense of equilibrium within a composition.

Contrast

the striking difference between elements, enhancing visual impact.

Proportion

involves the harmonious relationship and size balance between elements in a composition

Unity

the cohesive arrangement of elements for a harmonious composition

Symmetrical Balance

visual weight is distributed evenly

Asymmetrical Balance

create a deliberate imbalance of the elements in the design

Radial Balance

Rather than balancing both sides of a centered line, you can also choose to use ___________ around a single point (like a snowflake). Usually, this is done from the center, but not always.

Mosaic Balance

a type of organized chaos

Discordant

There are times when you want to make your design uncomfortable to your viewers.

Proportion

relationship between the size, weight, and other essential elements of design components

Hierarchy

utilizes several key principles to emphasize certain characteristics of the design. It controls those factors to show importance within the design as a whole.

Variety

the intentional inclusion of diverse elements, such as shapes, colors, or textures, to create visual interest and prevent monotony in a composition

Emphasis

highlights key elements for visual hierarchy

Repetition

ensures consistency and rhythm with recurring elements.

Movement

guides the viewer's eye through visual elements, creating a sense of flow and direction within a composition.

Rhythm

the repetitive pattern of visual elements that creates a sense of flow and harmony within a composition

Pattern

s an underlying structure that organizes surfaces or structures in a consistent, regular manner