Grade 8 SHS Science Final Outline

I. Facts about the inner and outer planets

• Exoplanet:
• Inner planets: Closest to the sun. Inside the Kepler Asteroid belt. Include; Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.

*==Inner planets tend to be rockier and smaller than the outer planets==

• Outer planets: On far side of the solar system. Outside the Kepler belt. Include; Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune

*==Outer planets are larger**,** gas giants and are colder than the inner planets==

Parts of a planet :

Atmosphere: a layer of gas surrounding a planet

Core : the material at the center of a planet

Moon : a natural satellite at the center of a planet

Surface : the outermost layer of a planet

II. Lunar and Solar Eclipses

• The moon is able to fully block the sun from our view from Earth because: The moon is way closer to Earth than the sun is.

III. Facts about the phases of the moon

The changes of the moon follow a predictable pattern. The relative positions of the sun, the moon, and Earth change the appearance of the moon.

The moon reflects the sun’s light and reflects it the sunlight back to Earth making it visible. ==The phase of the moon depends on its position relative to he sun and Earth.==

Because the moon completes one revolution around Earth in 29.5 days, it appears to move eastward about 13 to 15 degrees along its orbit of Earth each day. As a result, the moon appears to rise about an hour later each night than the night before.

IV. Magnets

• Poles - North and South poles.

Same pole magnets do not attract, instead they repel.

Opposite poles attract each other

• Magnetic Field

V. What are the properties of magnetic and electric currents

a changing electric field creates a magnetic field, and a changing magnetic field creates an electric field

Moving magnetic fields pull and push electrons. Metals such as copper and aluminum have electrons that are loosely held. Moving a magnet around a coil of wire, or moving a coil of wire around a magnet, pushes the electrons in the wire and creates an electrical current.

Like ==electricity, magnetism produces attraction and repulsion between objects. While electricity is based on positive and negative charges, there are no known magnetic monopoles. Any magnetic particle or object has a "north" and "south" pole, with the directions based on the orientation of the Earth's magnetic field.==