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Absolute location
the exact coordinates of a place (long and latitude)
Relative location
a place is related to another place
Latitude
measures distant from north or south of the equator
Longtitude
measures distant east or west of the prime meridian
map legend/key
explain symbols using in a map
compass rose
shows direction (n,s,e,w)
scale
shows distance on a map
political map
shows bordes, cities, and countries
physical map
landforms like mountains, rivers, and desserts
topographic map
evevation using contour lines
thematic map
theme map (population, climate,…)
wind
shape sand dunes and erode rocks
water/erosion
wears away rock and soil, creating valleys and canyons
glaciers
move slowly, create u shaped valey
birth rate
number of births/ 1000 people
death rate
number of deaths/ 1000 people
infant mortality rate
deaths of child under 1/ 1000 births
population density
people per unit area
demographic transition model
how population changes over time as country develop
population pyramids-wide base
rapid growth
population pyramids-narrow base
declining population
population pyramids-even base
slow or stable population
push factors
war, natural disaster, political instability, lack of jobs (pushing people away from a country, people avoid it)
pull factor
safety, better jobs, education, freedom (pulling people to a country)
culture
shared beliefs, customs, and practices of a group
culture diffusion
spread of culture for one society to another
cultural hearth
place where a culture begins
christianity
jesus, bible
judaism
monotheistic (one god), Torah
islam
founded by Muhammad, quran, practice the five pillars
hinduism
ancient religion from India, karma and reincarnation
buddhism
founded by Siddhartha Gautama, focuses on ending suffering, and believe in reincarnation
both hinduism and Buddhism believes in
samsara (reincarnation) and karma
formal religion
has clear borders like states or country
functional region
organized around a central point, such as subway system, school zone
induatrial revolution
led to more factories and machines
urbanization
people going form rural areas to the city