Mishna Gimmel - Hey

Batlanim

People who sit and learn or pray; must be at least 10 for a city to be considered a big city.

Chagigah

A festival offering brought during Sukkot, Shavuot, or Pesach.

Hakhel

A gathering where the king reads from the Torah on the Sukkot after the Shemittah year.

Adar

The month in which Purim is celebrated; may have a second Adar in leap years.

Hespedim

Eulogies; not permitted in Adar I during a leap year.

Shlomim

A type of peace offering brought during the festivals.

Taanis Esther

A fast observed the day before Purim; considered a day of prayer.

Ktav Ivir

A script, often associated with the Hebrew language.

Ktav Ashuri

A traditional script for writing Torah scrolls, tefillin, and mezuzot.

Yom Kippur vs. Shabbat Punishments

Different penalties apply for desecrating each; Yom Kippur leads to spiritual consequences while Shabbat leads to lashes.

R' Shimon Gamliel

Talmudic authority who argued about the language restrictions for writing Torah texts.

Mishloach manot

Gifts of food given to friends during Purim.

Whats considered a big city

As long as there are 10 batlanim (people who sit and learn/daven).

The Mishna discusses the case, what happens if you leined megillah on Adar 1 but then the chachamim add in a second Adar. Do you need to read again?

We do need to read it again as we're supposed to have the signa of purim as close as possible to Pesach as the redemptions are related. We also do matanot l'evyonim again.

whats the dofference between shabbos and yom tov

There's no difference between Shabbos and yom kippur besides for, the punishment for Shabbos is done through person (beit din). If you desecrate Yom Kippur - you get charet.

Hillel and Shamai Machloket

whether you can only use it specifically for food, or if once you're allowed to do it because of the food, you can do it for other things as well. (ie: giving a kid a bath with hot water).

4 deaths on beit din

The punishment for breaking Shabbos is skilla The punishment for breaking Yom Kippur is cheret which is a spiritual cut off and early death. If the desecration was done before witnesses, he get makot which are lashes and therf he is absolved from karet

The difference between Sifrei Torah and Mezuzah/Tefillin

There are no differences between sefer torah and tefillin and mezuzot. You can write the sefer torah in any language and you fulfill the mitzvah of writing a sefer torah, but tefillin and mezuzah, you can only do with lashon kodesh (the torah was written to learn from, but the others is the purpose is to have them.

R’ Shimon and Gamiel agrue

R' Shimon Gamliel argues that it's not ok in any language, the torah is only allowed to translate it into Greek, because it's - the original Greek language was considered the most beautiful.

Difference between Ktav Ashuri and Ktav Ivri

There is no difference about how the parchment is sown together.

Ktav Ivir and ktav Ashuri