water balance, pH, and electrolytes

a solution with more hydrogen ion than hydroxide ion

acid

a solution with more hydroxide ion than hydrogen ion

base

The fluid located inside of a cell is the

intracellular fluid

Changes in the pH do not take place to a great extent because of buffers. The bicarbonate buffer will

bind to a hydrogen ion if the pH is too low

Changes in the pH of body fluids are compensated for by all of the following EXCEPT

an increase in dilute urine

Respiratory acidosis occurs when the plasma pH is

decreased due to an elevated carbon dioxide level

Water is conserved at the kidneys and the thirst center is stimulated when _____ is secreted.

ADH

What hormone will increase sodium reabsorption and cause secretion of potassium in the DCT and collecting duct?

aldosterone

When the pH of body fluids begins to fall, proteins will act as buffers by

bind to a hydrogen

Dan has been lost in the desert for 2 days with very little water.  As a result of this exposure, you would expect to observe which of the following?

high ADH

Alkalosis is determined by blood in the

artery

The pH inside the cell is

7.0

Sodium, calcium, and potassium are electrolytes.  They will enter and exit the cell by

active transport

The components of the extracellular fluid are

all of the above

Receptors in the hypothalamus monitor the concentration of the extracellular fluid.  If the concentration is high, _____ will be secreted.

ADH

Calcium is maintained by

reserves in the bones, the rate of absorption, and the rate of excretion

The most important factor affecting the pH of body tissues is the concentration of

carbon dioxide

The content of water in the body tends to decrease with age.

true

Buffers will change the pH so that the pH will stay constant and not change.

false