Self Efficacy Theory

Albert E. Bandura

Published an article entitled "Self-efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change

The Bobo Doll Experiment

sample children were presented with new social models of violent and nonviolent behavior toward an inflatable

Social Learning Theory

focuses on what people learn from observing and interacting with other people

Social Cognitive Theory

states that people are active participants in their environment and are not simply shaped by that environment.

Self Efficacy Theory

based on the assumption that psychological procedures serve as a means of creating and strengthening expectations of personal efficacy

Outcome Expectancy

a person's estimate that a given behavior will lead to certain outcomes.

Efficacy Expectations

the conviction that one can successfully execute the behavior to produce the outcomes.

1. performance accomplishments or mastery experiences

2. vicarious experiences

3. verbal or social persuasion

4. physiological (somatic and emotional) states.

FOUR MAIN SOURCES OF INFLUENCE BY WHICH A PERSON'S SELF-EFFICACY IS DEVELOPED AND MAINTAINED

Mastery Experiences

• most effective ways to create a strong sense of efficacy.

• "Successes build a robust belief in one's personal efficacy. Failures undermined it, especially if failures occur before a sense of efficacy is firmly established"

Vicarious Experiences

• through observance of social models also influence one's perception of self-efficacy

• experiencing something through observation rather than in person.

Verbal or Social Persuasion

is "a way of strengthening people's beliefs that they have what it takes to succeed."

Carol S. Dweck

Author of “Mindset: The New Psychology of Success”

1. Fixed Mindset

2. Growth Mindset

Types of Mindset

Fixed Mindset

People who believe that success is based on their innate abilities have a "fixed" theory of intelligence.

Growth Mindset

People who believe that success is based on hardwork, learning, training, and perseverance have growth theory of intelligence, which goes under growth mindset.