Years

monasticism

350s–900s

Byzantium / Eastern Roman Empire

350s–1450s

papacy / Roman Church (medieval dominance)

500s–1300s

Islam

650s–750s

iconoclasm / Iconoclast Controversy

750s–850s

Charlemagne

750s–800s

Vikings

800s–1050s

homage and fealty

950s–1100s

vassal

950s–1100s

serf

950s–1350s

crusades / First Crusade

1100s

Hildegard of Bingen

1100s–1150s

Abelard and Heloise

1100s–1150s

chivalry

1100s–1350s

Eleanor of Aquitaine

1150s–1200s

anti-Semitism

1100s–1450s

Philip II Augustus

1200s

Magna Carta

1200s

Parliament (England)

1250s–1300s

Marco Polo

1300s

Mongols / Pax Mongolica

1200s–1350s

Babylonian Captivity / Avignon Papacy

1300s–1350s

Black Death

1350s

Hundred Years’ War

1350s–1450s

John Wyclif

1350s–1400s

Christine de Pisan

1400s

Council of Constance

1400s

Joan of Arc

1400s–1450s

printing press

1450s

humanism / Renaissance

1350s–1600s

Ottoman Empire (rise/expansion)

1300s–1600s

Ferdinand and Isabella

1475s–1525s

indulgences (controversy peak)

1450s–1500s

Christopher Columbus

1500s

Niccolò Machiavelli

1500s

Martin Luther

1500s

Elizabeth I

1550s–1600s