Foundations of Pediatric Assessment

These flashcards cover essential concepts from the foundations of pediatric assessment, focusing on audiologic evaluation methods and principles.

Audiologic Assessment

To quantify residual hearing for the purpose of diagnosis, treatment, and habilitation.

Objective Measures

Tests that require no conscious contribution from the patient; hearing is assumed based on physiological activity.

Subjective Measures

Tests that require a conscious response from the patient; hearing is confirmed by overt responses to auditory stimulation.

Acoustic Immittance

Tests including tympanometry and acoustic reflexes that provide diagnostic information to confirm the type of hearing loss.

Otoacoustic Emissions (OAEs)

Used primarily as a screening tool for hearing loss; can also be used diagnostically for auditory neuropathy.

Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR)

A test that provides frequency-specific, ear-specific estimates of hearing thresholds.

Behavioral Observation Audiometry (BOA)

A subjective test observing voluntary physical responses to sound.

Visual Reinforcement Audiometry (VRA)

A form of operant conditioning where a child is conditioned to respond to sound with a visual reinforcer.

Conditioned Play Audiometry (CPA)

A method where a child is conditioned to play in response to sound.

Cross-Check Principle

The principle that multiple tests must be used to accurately determine hearing function in children.

Pavlovian Conditioning

Shaping behavior through the association of a stimulus with a reward.

Operant Conditioning

The use of rewards to modify behavior in response to a stimulus.

Habituation

The decreased response to a repeated stimulus as a result of familiarity.

Reinforcement

In conditioning, the process of encouraging the desired response by introducing a motivating stimulus.

Peripheral Hearing Sensitivity

Measurement that rules out or confirms hearing loss as the cause of a child's problem.

Developmental Age

Age determined by a child's development in various areas, including speech and motor skills.

Functional Auditory Assessment

Assessment tools that evaluate a child's auditory behaviors in everyday contexts.

Case History

A collection of important developmental information about the child and their family.