Chemistry - Bonding + Intermolecular Forces

Ionic Bond

The strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a giant lattice structure.

Covalent Bond

The strong electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the two bonded atoms.

Co-ordinate (Dative) Covalent Bond

A type of covalent bond where both electrons in the shared pair are provided by just one of the atoms. Once formed, it is identical to a normal covalent bond.

Metallic Bond

The electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and a 'sea' of delocalised electrons.

Electronegativity

The power of an atom to attract an electron pair in a covalent bond towards.

Polar Bond

A covalent bond between atoms with different electronegativities causing an unequal distribution of electron density and a permanent dipole

Van der Waals Forces

Temporary dipoles which are caused by the movement of electrons which then could induce a dipole in a neighbouring molecule.

Permanent Dipole-Dipole Forces

Intermolecular forces that occur between the partial charges, between the ends of molecules

Hydrogen Bonding

Intermolecular forces that occur between the partial charges, between the elements H and N, O, F