MISCELLANEOUS BLOOD GROUP 2

Named after Mrs. Gerbich, the first antibody producer.

Expressed at birth

Gerbich (020)

Gerbich (020) antigens are carried on

sialoglycoprotein structures GPC and GPD.

is the Gerbich null phenotype

The Leach type

(Ge: -2,-3,-4)

The Leach type is Found in

GE2 antigens

The poikilocyte seen for people suffering from leach phenotype

elliptocytes

All GE Ags are sensitive to enzymes except for

Ge4

GE Ag are resistant to what chemicals

DTT and Glycine Acid EDTA

*Ge2 and Ge4:

Ficin and Papain Sensitive;

Ge3:

Ficin Resistant

GE Ags

6 high prevalence antigen (Ge2, Ge3, Ge4, GEPL, GEAT and GETI)

5 low prevalence antigen (Wb, Lsa , Ana , Dha , and GEIS)

An antibody was found in a black prenatal patient, Mrs. Cromer, that reacted with all RBCs except her own and 2 siblings.

Cromer (021)

is strongly expressed on placental tissue and will adsorb Cromer antibodies

DAF

Cromer (021) Antigen is also found in __________ located on

_____________________

plasma;

Decay Accelerating Factor (CD55).

Phenotype that is typically found in blacks and is not found in whites.

The Cr(a-)

are deficient in DAF so they lack Cromer antigens.

PNH III RBC’s

Cromer (021) Antigen are Resistant to treatment with

Ficin and Papain and Glycine Acid EDTA

Cromer (021) Antigen are Destroyed by

a chymotrypsin;

Cromer (021) Antigen are Weakened with

DTT (Dithiothreitol).

Cromer (021) Antigen

Antigens: Cra , Tca , Tcb , Tcc , Dra , Esa , IFC, WESa , WESb , UMC

● Named after the first antibody maker, Mrs. Knops.

● Antigens are weakly expressed on cord RBCs and weaken upon storage of adult RBCs.

Knops (022)

Knops (022) antigen is Located on

Complement Receptor 1 (CR1).

Knops antibodies are clinically insignificant and have _______________ reactivity at the antiglobulin phase;

weak & "nebulous"

Knops antibodies are not inhibited by

plasma.

Knops null is called

The "Helgeson phenotype

The "Helgeson phenotype is the antigen depression in what diseases

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus,

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria, and

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS);

Knops (022) null antigen are weakened by

ficin treatment;

Knops (022) antigen Weakened by treatment with

Ficin and Papain

Knops (022) antigen Destroyed by

DTT (Dithiothreitol).

Knops antibodies characteristics

HTLA characteristics

Knops (022) antigen Resistant to

Glycine Acid EDTA

● The Indian blood group system was named because the first In(a+) individuals were from India.

● Ina, Inb are weakly expressed on cord RBCs.

● Antibodies are usually IgG and reactive in the antiglobulin test.

● Do not bind the complement. Thus, it does not cause hemolysis

Indian (023)

is more prevalent in Arab and Iranian populations

The Ina antigen

Ina and Inb antigen expression being depressed on the

dominant type Lu(a-b-).

Indian (023) antigen is Sensitive to treatment with

Ficin and Papain, DTT;

Indian (023) antigen Resistant to

Glycine Acid EDTA

● Named after the antibody maker, Mrs. Kobutso

Ok (024)

is well developed on RBCs from newborns

Oka

The OK antigens are carried on

CD147

member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that mainly functions as receptors and adhesion molecules

CD147

Raph for the first patient to make the

alloanti- MER2

The antigen name (MER2) is derived from

Monoclonal and Eleanor Roosevelt

MER2 is located in

CD151 (Cluster of Differentiation 151)

a tetraspanin, which appears to be essential for the assembly of basement membranes in the kidney and skin.

CD151 (Cluster of Differentiation 151)

MER2 is abundant on ______ and is expressed on _________

platelets

erythroid precursors

RAPH antigen is Resistant to treatment with

ficin and papain

RAPH antigen is sensitive to treatment with

Trypsin, achymotrypsin, pronase, and AET

JMH (026) Named after the first antibody maker

Weakly expressed on cord RBCs

John Milton Hagen

is often found in elderly patients with absent or weak antigen expression; antibodies have HTLA characteristics;

autoanti-JMH

autoanti-JMH are sensitive to

enzymes and DTT (Dithiothreitol)

JMH antigen Destroyed by treatment with

Ficin, Papain and DTT (Dithiothreitol)

JMH antigen Resistant to treatment with

Glycine Acid EDTA.

genetically discrete from all other blood group systems

Gill (029)

is found on the glycerol transporter

aquaporin 3 (AQP3),

results from a frameshift and a premature stop codon

The GIL null phenotype

Gill (029) antigens is Enhanced with

Ficin, Papin treatment of RBCs

Gill (029) antigens Resistant to

DTT (Dithiothreitol) and Glycine Acid EDTA

 It is needed for us to express the Rh antigens because it works hand-in-hand together with Rh-D gene and Rh-CE gene. So if this type of gene is absent then there would also be no Rh antigen expression.

 Newest blood group system

RH-Associated glycoprotein (030)

Not expressed on RBCs of newborns but is in their saliva, urine and meconium.

𝑆𝑑𝑎

𝑆𝑑𝑎 Antigen found in

guinea pig and human urine;

reduction of 𝑆𝑑𝑎 expression happens during

pregnancy.

The soluble form of 𝑆𝑑𝑎 is

Tamm Horsfall glycoprotein found in urine

Anti-𝑆𝑑𝑎 are typically weak and agglutination is

mixed field