Agua y pH

These flashcards cover key concepts related to water, its properties, and the concept of pH from the lecture notes.

What is the most important inorganic molecule in the human body?

Water (H²O) is the most important inorganic molecule.

What percentage of the human body is composed of water?

70% of the body is water.

What are the three states of water?

Gaseous, Liquid, Solid.

What is the process called when liquid water turns into gas?

Evaporation.

What forms when liquid water freezes?

Ice (solid).

What is the molecular structure of water (H²O)?

Two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

What type of bonds connect the atoms in a water molecule?

Covalent bonds.

What type of interaction occurs between water molecules?

Hydrogen bonding.

What is the significance of water's polarity?

It allows water to dissolve substances like salt and sugar.

What is the specific heat of water?

The amount of heat needed to raise 1 gram of water by 1°C.

What is capillarity in water?

The ability of water to rise in narrow tubes.

What is the role of water as a universal solvent?

It can dissolve a wide variety of substances due to its high dielectric constant.

What are the main functions of water in the body?

Solvent, participates in chemical reactions, provides structure, enables transport, regulates temperature, and facilitates osmosis.

What does pH measure?

The acidity or alkalinity of a substance.

What is the range of the pH scale?

0 to 14.

What is a buffer solution?

A solution that resists changes in pH.

What happens to red blood cells in hypotonic solutions?

They swell and may burst.

What is a characteristic of isotonic solutions?

They have the same concentration of solutes.