Shoe Orthosis

Shoe

- it’s purpose is to distribute bearing forces so as to provide optimum comfort, function, and appearance of the foot

- serve a variety of functional and cosmetic purposes

• It reduces pressure on sensitive deformed structures by redistributing force toward pain-free areas

• It serves as the foundation for Ankle and Foot Orthosis (AFOs) and more extensive bracing

two additional purposes of shoes for individual with an orthopedic disorder.

• To minimize pressure on sensitive, deformed structures

• To redistribute weight towards pain-free areas

• To serve as foundation of an orthosis

functions of shoes.

• Upper

• Sole

• Heel

• Reinforcements

4 major parts of the shoe.

Heel

- lies under the anatomic heel

- the higher it is, the more weight is shifted to the forefoot

- used to:

• improve the balance of the shoe

• increase the height of the wearer

• alter the posture

• use for cosmetic purposes

less than 2.5 inches

internal heel elevation.

greater than 2.5 inches

external heel sole elevation.

• Proximal

• Distal

parts of the heel.

Distal

part of the heel that is made up of rubber.

Pitch

- inclination of posterior border of the heel

- the greater the heel, the higher it is and the greater the weight that will be distributed in the posterior portion of the shoes

1 1/8 inches

normal size of pitch.

Breast

- forward extension of the heel

- increases the base support

- anterior portion of the heel

• Spring (1/8)

• Oxford (6/8-8/8)

• Military (10/8)

• Cuban (12/8)

types of heel heights.

Outer Sole

- external portion

- contacts the floor/ground

- resilient = to cushion impact

- made of rubber

Inner Sole

- lies under the foot

- contacts the foot

- can be modified

- like a cushion

Filler

separates the inner from the outer sole.

Midsole

is modified for athletic shoes.

• Ball

• Shank

• Toe spring

parts of the sole.

Ball

- added portion of the sole

- located between toes and arch of foot

Shank

- intended space for arch

- supports the shoe with its sole

- can be modified for the arch to be rest comfortably (higher arch can cause deformity)

Toe Spring

- end portion of the shoe that is elevated

- located near to the ball of the foot

- designed for the wearer to be ready for the gait

Uppers

portion of the shoe above the sole.

• Quarters

• Vamp

components of the uppers.

Quarters

component of the uppers located in the posterior area of the shoe.

Vamp

component of the uppers located in the anterior area of the shoe.

• Blucher

• Balmoral

• Lace to toe

throat styles.

Closures

- helps keep feet inside the shoe

- adjustable vs non-adjustable

• Elastic Shoe Laces

• Cotton Laces

• Velcro Flaps

adjustable closures.

• Zippers

• Elastic Webbing Insert

non-adjustable closures.

Low

- cosmetic

- does not restrict ankle motions

- higher chance of injury

- e.g. low cut shoes

High

- reduces piston action

- resists back-and-forth sliding and on other planes; restricted ankle motions

- e.g. high cut shoes

Toe Box

- guards the dorsum portion of the foot against trauma in falling objects

- can make room for deformities

- can be modified

Counter

- leather preserving the shape of foot in the heel

- can be modified

Shank Piece

reinforces the shank area.

Lasts

basis on how the shoe will be made.

Straight Lasts

- common in children

- used for orthopedic purposes that can be modified

Inflared Lasts

to accommodate the fixed deformities.