Lesson #2: CLA

amphi-, ampho-

on both sides, around, both

\`ana-

up, back, again

apo-

away, from

cata- (cat- before vowels or h)

downward, disordered

dia- (di- before a vowel)

through, across, apart

eso-

within, inner, inward

eu-

good, normal, healthy

heter-, hetero-

different, other, relationship to another

homo-, homeo-

same, likeness

meta- (met- before a vowel or h)

change, transformation, after, behind

para- (often par- before a vowel)

alongside, around, abnormal, beyond

pro-

before

pros-, prosth-

in place of

-al

Latin-derived adjectival suffix: pertaining to, located in

-ase

forms names of enzymes

-asia, -asis (rare)

form abstract nouns: state, condition

-ema

forms abstract nouns: state, condition

-esis

forms abstract nouns: state, condition, procedure

-etic

forms adjectives, often from nouns ending in -esis: pertaining to

-ics, -tics

forms nouns indicating a particular science or study: science or study of

-ism

forms abstract nouns: state, condition, quality

-ismus

forms abstract nouns: state, condition; muscular spasm

-oid, (rarely) -ode, -id

form both nouns and adjectives indicating a particular shape, form, or resemblance: like, resembling

-oma

forms abstract nouns: usually tumor; occasionally disease

-ose

a Latin-derived adjectival suffix; also used to form names of chemical substances: full of, resembling

-ous

a latin-derived adjectival suffix: pertaining to, characterized by, full of

-us

a Latin noun-forming ending: condition, person (sometimes a malformed fetus)

-ize

a commonly used Greek-derived suffix that means "to make, become, cause to be, subject to, engage in"

acr-

\[highest point] extremities (particularly the hands and feet)

ambly-

dull, faint

carcin-

\[crab] carcinoma, cancer

-cel-

hernia, tumor, swelling

chol(e)-

bile, gall

cheir-, chir-

hand

col(i)-, colon-

colon

cyan-

blue

cyst(i)-, -cystis

bladder, cyst

diplo-

double, twin

enter-

small intestine

erg-

action, work

gastr-

stomach

hem-, hemat, -em-

blood

hempar-, hempat-

liver

lip-

fat

macr-

(abnormally) large or long

mega-, megal-

(abnormally) large or long

melan-

black, dark

micr-

(abnormally) small

nyct-

night

odyn-

pain

onc-

tumor

pachy-

thick

pseud-

false

py-

pus

sarc-

flesh, soft tissue

spasm-

spasm, involuntary muscular contraction

splen-

spleen

stom-, stomat-

mouth, opening

acromegaly

disease characterized by elongation of bones in extremities

allodynia

condition where ordinary painless stimulus is perceived as painful

amphocyte

a cell staining with either acid or basic dyes

anastomosis

a natural communication or surgical connection between two vessels

anemic

pertaining to being deficient in red blood cells

anergia

lack of energy

anodyne

a drug that relieves pain

arthropyosis

pus in a joint

asynergy

lack of coordination of parts or organs normally acting in unison

cheirology

communication by means of hands or fingers

cholelithiasis

formation or presence of stones or calculi in gallbladder

colicystitis

inflammation of the bladder

coloenteritis

inflammation of mucous membrane of intesine

colonalgia

pain in the colon

colostomy

opening of colon through abdominal wall

cyanosis

bluish discoloration of the skin

cystoma

cystic tumor

dysentery

intestinal disorder

endogastritis

inflammation of lining membrane of stomach wall

enterocholecystostomy

incision of gallbladder and intestine

enterodynia

pain in the intestines

epigastrium

region over pit of stomach

eucholia

normal condition of bile

gastrocele

hernia of the stomach

gastrolithiasis

formation of calculi in the stomach

hematoma

swelling or mass of blood confined to organ or tissue

heparin

solution isolated from liver

hepatosplenitis

inflammation of the liver and spleen

heteroprosopus

deformed fetus with one head and two faces

hyperemia

Unusual amount of blood in a body part

lipemia

swelling of skin due to accumulation of fat and fluid

melanoma

malignant dark tumor or mole

metabiosis

dependence of organism for its existence on another

microbe

small life form

microcephalia

abnormally small head

nephrocystanastomosis

surgical connection between kidney and bladder

nephropyosis

Purulence of a kidney

nyctalopia

pain during night

pachycephalic

possessing an abnormally thick skull

paracanthoma

tumor involving prickle-cell layer of epidermis

parenteral

any medication route other than alimentary canal

proencephalus

fetus where brain protrudes through fissure in skull