World History - Final Exam Questions & Answers

Where did rulers hold the least power between 1000 - 1300?

Western Europe

Chinese interaction with northern nomads during the Tang Dynasty

Chinese hated them; attacked them; built the Great Wall to keep them out

Caliphs of the Umayyad Dynasty vs. the Abbasid Dynasty

Umayyad - did not like non-Muslims

Abbasid - liked non-Muslims

Wars carried out by the Aztec Empire (What form of killing did they use?)

Human sacrifice

Affect of changed environment in China upon Buddhism

More farming; agriculture labor

How are Aztecs and Incas similar?

Both began as small marginalized groups

What contributed to China's economic revolution during the Tang and Song?

Large canals were built to increase trade

After 15th century, how did China address the problem of growing population and land scarcity?

Dividing the land among the people

Which ruler emphasized the use of spectacle and public display to exalted the monarch?

Louis XIV (of France)
(Also called Sun King)

Know which societies shared a common religion (Located in Europe and Africa)

Ottoman Empire (Europe) and Songhay Empire (Africa) shared "Islam"

Which region experienced the least racial mixing?

(British) North America

Did the mesoamericans and the Andeans have contact between 500 - 1500?

Not likely; there were deserts and forest between the two

Know the consequences of the Atlantic Slave Trade

Death and Desporia (movement from place to another)

How was Islam brought to Southeast Asia and West Africa?

Merchants (via trade)

Principle underlying the Great Law of Peace for the Iroquois League?

Limited government

What contributed to the rapid expansion of the Islamic/Arab Empire after the death of Muhammad?

Weakened opponents (Byzantine empire was fighting the Safavid empire); trade and conquests

Know the effect of the European presence in the Indian Ocean on existing trade networks

Conquered ports by force; became a part of the global market (universal trade)

What happened to the Mongols in Persia in the 14th century?

Assimilated into Persian culture

What practice during the Song Dynasty restricted women's lives?

Foot-binding

Why are the Tang and Song Dynasties referred to as the Golden Age in China?

Renewal in Art & Literature

What was a direct and sustained link between the Americas and Asia?

Silver trade

How did the Chinese policy of forcing their people to pay taxes in silver affect the global economy?

Silver increased in price/value $$$

What was the most Islamized region from 600 - 1500?

Anatolia

Why did Russia begin to expand in the early 16th Century?

To secure its borders

What was the political structure of the Swahili civilization similar to?

Greece city-states

During the 15th century, what was the most centralized , unified, and prosperous civilization?

CHINA

What were the targets of the Western European crusaders?

Eastern Orthodox Church & Muslims

What resulted from Muslim rule in Spain?

Algebra, Literature, Education (schools)

What force helped bind the Islamic world together?

schools (same religious teachings)

What was a result of Russia's westward expansion during the 17th and 18th centuries?

Westernization

What was the colonial economy of the Spanish Empire in the Americas based on?

Agriculture and mining

How did the Mongols contribute to the globalization of the Eurasian World?

trade

Why didn't the Mongols conquer Western Europe?

no pastoral land (Mongols are pastoral nomads)

What was a feature unique to the north American fur trade?

Competition for fur (English vs. French)

How were Ibn Battuta's experiences different from Marco Polo's?

Ibn Battuta - went to Muslim societies; places he knew about


Marco Polo - went to China; places he knew nothing about

What characterized the exchange networks in the Americas?

Networks were small and more local

What could women do in both the Aztec and Inca Empires?

gain a political position

Where was Latin Christendom localized?

Rome

Where did Spain establish a colony in the 16th century?

Philippines

What influenced Eastern Orthodox greater than Roman Catholicism?

Greek philosophical influences

How were women viewed in the Quran?

Equal to men (spiritually)

What made long treks across the sahara possible?

camels; they have padded feet

What environmental development provided incentives for European fur trade?

The Little Ice Age

What was the largest pastoral society in West Africa in the 15th century?

Fulbe

What distinguished western European empires from other empires?

Maritime expansion (expansion through the ocean via trading)

How did the Kievan Rus convert to Eastern Orthodox Christianity?

Peacefully and with no bloodshed

Where did long distance trade (maritime trade) shift to in the 15th century?

From East Asia -> Southeast Asia -> Indian Ocean

How was trade along the silk roads facilitated?

Protection of the merchants

How could a person raise their social position in Aztec society?

Becoming a warrior

What did the Portuguese do after establishing sea routes to India?

Conquered port cities

What technological innovations facilitated Indian Ocean trade?

junk (the Chinese boat)

What is evidence of growth of European civilizations during the high middle ages?

Maritime trade

How did Tokugawa Shoguns treat Europeans?

Shut them out; only let the Dutch trade with them

What was a feature of communities in Australia in the 15th century?

Fire-stick; burning the old crops to help the soil become more fertile

What role did Europeans play in the economy of the early modern era?

Middleman (example: Spanish with silver in China)

Who was China's most enduring and intense outsider interaction with?

Northern Nomads

What did Korea, Japan, and Vietnam develop that reflected their unique culture?

Written languages

Most common destinations for victims of the Atlantic slave trade?

Caribbean and Brazil

How did the Incans treat conquered people?

Took them to their empire; traded goods with them

What did the Aztec's require conquered people to do?

Human Sacrifice; traded goods with them

What contributed to the growth of Hindu opposition during the Mughal rule?

Reimposed tax for non-muslims

Between 500 and 1000, where did the center of gravity shift in Europe?

North and Western

How did European countries seek to control trade in Asia?

Firearms; weapons and attacks

As per the Quran, when is violence and war justified?

when protecting yourself from danger

What was the origin of the atlantic slave trade?

sugar

Ibn Battuta's christicism of people (think women)

Lack of clothing for women

What is the Islamic pilgrimage called?

haji

Who were the Mongols never able to conquer?

Japan

Who lived in pre-islamic Arabia?

Zoroastrianism, Jews, Christians

Why was there higher literacy in British North America than in Spanish/Portuguese South America?

The Bible

What is an example of Indianization of Southeast Asia?

Angkor Vat

What was a result of the fur trade in North America?

North American Indians became dependent on English goods

Japanese, Vietnamese, and Korean borrowing of Chinese culture?

Japan sought for it; sent people to China

Which third wave civilization did the state largely control all trade?

Incas