management 1 flashcards

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68 Terms

1

Management

the art of getting things done through the efforts of other people

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2

Principles of Management

are the means by which you actually get things done through others—individually, in groups, or in organizations.

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3

Academic Fields Relevant to Management

leadership, entrepreneurship, strategy, psychology

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4

Types of Managers

top managers, middle managers, first-line managers, non-managerial employees

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5

Four principal functions (POLC)

planning, organizing, leading, controlling

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6

Organizational performance- triple bottom line

Economic performance, Social performance, Environmental performance

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7

Fayol's Principles of Management

Division of labor, authority and responsibility, unity of command, line of authority, centralization, unity of direction, equity, order, initiative, discipline, remuneration of personnel, stability of tenure of personnel, subordination of individual interest to the common interest, esprit de corps

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8

Scientific management (Taylorism)

a management theory using efficiency experts to examine each work operations and find ways to minimize the time needed to complete it

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9

Behavioral Viewpoint

importance of understanding human behavior and motivating employees toward achievement

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10

Hawthorne effect

A change in a subject's behavior caused simply by the awareness of being studied

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11

Contemporary principals

virtual organizations; evidence based management

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12

Culture

Shared beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people.

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13

Hofstede's original four dimensions

Power distance, individualism versus collectivism, uncertantity avoidance, masculentity versus femininity

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14

power distance

the extent to which less powerful members within a country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally

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15

Individualism vs. Collectivism

the degree to which individuals beliefs and actions should be independent of collective thought and action (individualism)

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16

Uncertantity avoidance

societys tolerance for ambiguity

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17

Masculinity vs. Femininity

A preference for achievement, heroism, assertiveness and material rewards for success

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18

Personality

a persons relatively stable feelings, thoughts, and behavioral patterns.

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19

Big Five Personality Traits

openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism

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20

Conscientiousness

how dependable, responsible, organized and persistent one is

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21

Agreeableness

how trusting, good-natured, cooperative, and soft-hearted one is

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22

Neuroticism

anxiety, insecurity, emotional instability

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23

Openness

willingness to try new things and be open to new experiences

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24

Extraversion

talkative, sociable, passionate, assertive, bold, dominant

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25

self monitors

-understand what the situation demands and act accordingly

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26

-rated as high performers and emerge as leaders

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27

-effective at networking and influencing other people

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28

-as managers, they tend to have lower accuracy in evaluating the performance of their employees

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29

proactive personalities

-Use initiative to solve problems.

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30

-May have higher levels of performance.

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31

-Understand the political environment better, make friends more quickly, and are more responsive to feedback they receive.

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32

-May be perceived as too pushy

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33

self-esteem

is related to higher levels of job satisfaction

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34

self-efficacy

An individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task.

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35

Hot issue in personality test

exaggerating your responses to a personality test in a socially desirable fashion

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36

Values

Stable life goals that people have, reflecting what is most important to them

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37

10 human values (Schwartz's Model)

Achievement, power, hedonism, stimulation, self-direction, benevolence, universalism, conformity, tradition, security

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38

Work (Job) Attitudes

The evaluations of one's work (job) that express one's feelings toward, beliefs about, and attachment to one's work (job).

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39

job satisfaction

a positive feeling about one's job resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics

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40

organizational commitment

the attachment people have toward the company they work for.

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41

Three types of organizational commitment

  1. Affective Commitment

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42
  1. Continuance Commitment

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  1. Normative Commitment

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44

Work Behaviors

job performance, organizational citizenship, absenteeism, turnover

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45

Job Performance

Employee behaviors that contribute either positively or negatively to the accomplishment of organizational goals

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46

organizational citizenship behavior

voluntary behaviors employees perform to help others and benefit the organization

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47

counterproductive work behavior

voluntary behavior that violates significant organizational norms and threatens the well-being of the organization, its members, or both

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48

absenteeism

the failure to show up for work

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49

turnover

Employee departure from an organization.

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50

Mission Statement

a statement of the organization's purpose - what it wants to accomplish in the larger environment

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51

Vission Statement

provides a guiding image of the future that the org wishes to reach

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52

Value Statement

A brief articulation of the principles that guide a company's decisions and behaviors

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53

creativity

key to success in business

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54

programmed thinking

Logic, structure, extensions of what is

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55

lateral thinking

Shift in perception, out of the box, what might be

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56

Brainstorming

the process of getting a group to think of unlimited ways to vary a product or solve a problem

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57

scamper

A checklist tool that helps you think of changes you can make to an existing marketplace to create something new.

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58

stakeholders (internal)

owners, shareholders, directors, management, employees

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59

Stakeholders (external)

customers, suppliers, and community groups

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60

Stakeholder Analysis

The range of tools used to identify and understand the needs and exception of major interests inside and outside the organization environment

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61

Stakeholder mapping

provides a systematic way to identify the expectations, needs, importance, and relative power of various stakeholders

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62

SWOT analysis

strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats

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63

Intended VS Realized Strategies

Intended: decisions following from analysis (rarely survives in original form)

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64

Realized: combination of deliberate and emergent strategies

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65

two dimensions of competition

market commonality and resource similarity

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66

Four generic strategies

cost leadership, differentiation, cost focus, differentiation focus

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67

internal analysis- VRIO

Value, Rarity, Imitability, Organization

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68

Porter's Five Forces

threat of entry, threat of substitute, supplier power, buyer power, and competitive rivalry

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