WHAP unit 0 vocabulary

Diaspora

: The spreading of people (such as Jews) who share an ethnic identity from their original homeland to a new location

Bureaucracy:

System of managing government through departments run by appointed (not elected) officials (ex. cabinet depts and Post Office in the United States)

Centralization:

Refers to a government structure where most decisions made for the entire state are made by one executive leader, rather than multiple regional leaders

Decentralization:

Refers to a government structure where local or regional governments hold more power than the main, central government

Infrastructure:

The basic physical and organizational structures that help a society function, such as roads, bridges, schools, airports, etc.

Monistic:

Refers to the idea that there is a sense of “oneness” or that everything is derived from a single entity

Dharma:

In Hinduism, the concept of obedience to religious and moral laws and order / In Buddhism, the basic doctrine of following the Eightfold Path and the Four Noble Truths

Reincarnation:

Idea that the soul is reborn into another body or animal after one dies (Hinduism & Buddhism)

Empirical:

Refers to gathering knowledge through objective observation, measurement, or experimentation (science, NOT INTUITION / GUT FEELINGS)

Filial Piety:

In Confucianism, the reverence and honoring of one’s ancestors and parents

Monastic:

Refers to ideas or people who live by religion and religious vows they have taken and live together in a monastery

Diplomacy:

Skillful, peaceful negotiation between nations

Fortification:

Walls or defensive protection built around cities or nations

Maritime:

Refers to activities or events happening on the high seas

Qanat System:

a system of irrigation that began in Persia comprised of underground canals

Noria/Sakia:

a water wheel used for raising water from a river so that it can flow by gravity via aqueduct to villages and cultivated land for irrigation

Monsoon:

Seasonal winds in South and Southeast Asia that bring rain in alternating seasons to the subcontinent and provide winds for trade in the Indian Ocean

Syncretism:

The blending of cultural or religious elements as a result of cultural diffusion, migration, or state-building

Satrapies:

System of provincial governments in the Persian Empire, in which administration is divided into provinces, each of which is called a satrapy

Continuity:

Term in AP World History that refers to the ways that features of a society have stayed the same over time, rather than changed over time

Brahmin:

Hindu caste of priests

Kshatryia:

Hindu caste of warriors and aristocrats

Vaishya:

Hindu caste of cultivators, artisans, and merchants

Shudra:

Hindu caste of landless peasants and servants

Tribute:

Refers to payments that one group makes to another group, such as the payments that the Chinese made to the nomadic groups

Hellenism:

The spread of ancient Greek culture and ideas to Persia, after Alexander the Great conquered Persia

Sinicize:

Process of non-Chinese people or societies becoming influenced by Chinese culture; to become Chinese

Aqueduct:

Built in Ancient Rome, structures that bring fresh water to Roman cities