Major Prophets Midterm (FLBC Semester 4)

What were the three parts of the OT according to the categories Jesus used?

Law, Prophets, Writings

What books are part of the Law?

Pentateuch: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy

What books are part of the former Prophets? Latter Prophets?

Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings

Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, the 12

What is the story of the Bible in a nutshell?

God comes down to rescue, renew, and reign in and through the work of His Son Jesus Christ.

If someone accuses the God of the Old Testament of being unjust and exclusive for choosing (electing) Abraham and Sarah, what would you say? God's election of Abraham was an ___________________________________________________________________________

Initially exclusive move for a maximally inclusive end.

Where in the Pentateuch is the concept of the image of God (priest-kings) transferred to the people of Israel? (It's the passage where the LORD calls Abraham's offspring a kingdom of priests and a holy nation if they keep the covenant with Him.)

Exodus 19

Where did God instruct Israel about what their future king should not and should do? KNOW THE BOOK AND CHAPTER. What are three things the king should not do and what is one thing he should do?

Deuteronomy 17

NOT:

- acquire many wives

- acquire a big military

- hoard his wealth

DO:

- make a copy of the book of the Law & meditate on it

Who are the three main parties (characters) in the OT narrative? (This is IMPORTANT for understanding Israel's role in relationship to other nations.)

The LORD

Israel

Other Nations

Why likely did the LORD place Abraham's offspring in the land of Canaan rather than some other location?

Crossroads of Ancient Civilization

What are Lessing's 3 P's for how the OT points to Christ?

Presence

Patterns

Predictions

In which chapter of the Pentateuch does God explicitly tell us His name (I am who I am)?

Exodus 3

In which chapter of the Pentateuch does God explain that His name, Yahweh, basically means "the Savior God?"

Exodus 6

In which chapter of the Historical Books do the people of Israel demand a king like the other nations?

1 Samuel 8

The understanding of eschatology (study of the end times) which says that the end times started with the first coming of Jesus and will be consummated (completed) by the second coming of Jesus? ___________________ eschatology.

inaugurated eschatology

Dates of Isaiah's ministry?

740-681 BC

Approximate date of the Syro-Ephraimite Crisis

735 BC

Date of the destruction of the Assyrian army outside Jerusalem?

701 BC

Which five kings of Judah reigned during Isaiah's ministry? (Include the name of the king whose death coincided with Isaiah's call and the king likely responsible for Isaiah's death.)

Uzziah

Jotham

Ahaz

Hezekiah

Manasseh

The Book of Isaiah can be organized around the mysteries found in each section. What is the mystery at the heart of Isaiah 1-39? What verse begins the mystery? What two passages most help resolve the mystery?

Who is the Immanuel child?

Isaiah 7:14

Isaiah 9 & 11

Chapters 1-5

Introductory Sermons

Chapter 6

The Call of Isaiah

Chapters 7-12

The Book of Immanuel

Chapters 13-23

The Oracles Concerning the Nations

Chapters 24-27

The Little Apocalypse

Chapters 28-33

The Oracles of Woe

Chapters 34-35

Eschatological Summation

Chapters 36-39

Historical Prelude

What does Isaiah's name mean?

Yahweh saves

What are two main roles of the prophets? (the substance of their preaching) (F&F)

Foretell & Forthtell

Generally speaking, at what times does God call His prophets?

Times of crisis

According to Beyer, what are the five main themes of Isaiah?

Remnant

Holy one of Israel

Messiah

Sovereignty

Servanthood

What does the title Messiah literally mean?

Anointed One

What is the New Testament's translation of Messiah (based on the Greek)?

Christ

When Isaiah refers to God as Lord GOD, what Hebrew word does "Lord" translate? What Hebrew word does GOD translate?

Lord - Adonai

GOD - Yahweh

In what form does the divine name YHWH (Yahweh) appear in English translations of the Bible?

LORD/GOD

In which chapter of Isaiah does the phrase LORD GOD appear? How would you translate this back into Hebrew?

Isaiah 26

Yahweh Yahweh

Isaiah is the second most referred to OT book in the NT. What is the first?

Psalms

All OT prophecy is essentially a repreaching of _____________________

Moses

In which chapter of Deuteronomy does the LORD list all of the curses on those who forsake Him?

Deuteronomy 28

Isaiah begins with what kind of scene? A _________________________ scene.

courtroom

What is the special genre in Isa 1?

Covenant lawsuit

Why are the heavens and the earth being called as witnesses in Isaiah 1?

They were present when the covenant was made originally

What is the core sin of Judah and Jerusalem as mentioned in Isaiah 1? Be able to fill in the blank: They have ______________ the LORD,/ they have despised the _____________ ______________ of Israel, they are utterly ____________________. (1:4b)

forsaken

Holy One

estranged

Complete the following statement: According to Luther, we are saved by ___________________ alone but not by the __________________________ that is ____________________________

faith

faith

alone

What are four main sins of Judah resulting from this core sin, according to the rest of chapter 1- 3?

Hypocritical worship

Sexual immorality

Idolatry (main sin)

Neglect of Justice and Righteousness

What notorious cities does the LORD compare Jerusalem to in Isa 1?

Sodom and Gomorrah

What is one of the most noticeable features of a just and righteous society, according to the Bible's usage of these terms?

care for the most vulnerable

One of Israel's chief problems throughout its history is that it continually wants to be like

the nations

In what OT verse in the historical books does the LORD tell us that He is willing to relent from punishing our community/nation if His people repent and seek His face?

2 Chronicles 7:14

What famous Gospel invitation is found in Isa 1?

Come now, let us reason together, says the Lord, though your sins are like scarlet they shall be white as snow, though they are red like crimson, they shall be like wool.

According to the lecture, what is one clear referent (thing it refers to) of Isaiah 2:1-3? What New Testament passage confirms this referent?

ingathering of the nations into the church

Hebrews 12

What is another name for Jerusalem used throughout Isaiah?

Zion/Daughter of Zion

When is the day of the LORD (spoken of in Isaiah 2:12 and following?) (Is it just the Final Judgment Day?)

a time of decisive divine reckoning when God visits a community to punish the unbelievers and to save and preserve a remnant

What word is used throughout Isaiah to express the direst possible warning of judgment?

Woe

What Messianic image do we likely see for the first time in Isaiah 4:2?

the branch

Isaiah 4:5-6 alludes to a very famous Old Testament time period in order to describe God's coming presence with His people on Mount Zion. What is this time period?

Exodus/wilderness wandering

What is the best one-word definition for the word "holy"?

separate

What is the possible significance of Isaiah referring to God as the Lord rather than the LORD in Isaiah 6:1?

Uzziah has died - time of testing

God is the king

The two main categories for understanding YHWH's Lordship: YHWH is the Lord of ____________________________ and the Lord of _______________________________.

creation

history

What is the basic meaning of the word "glory" as it is used in the Bible?

heavy/weighty

Describe the role of the Law and the Gospel in Isaiah's "revival experience" in Isaiah 6. What serves as the Law and what serves as the Gospel in this passage? What does this experience motivate Isaiah to do?

Sees the LORD (law)

Angel comes with tongs and coal

(gospel)

Here I am, send me!

We learn in the second half of Isa 6 that the preaching of God's Word can ________________________________ the heart of the unresponsive hearer.

harden

Isaiah 7-39 are unified around what theme, according to John Oswalt?

trust

What was the name of the famous Assyrian king who began an aggressive military campaign to expand the control of Assyria across the ancient Near East?

Tiglath-Pileser III

Be able to describe the moment of truth presented to King Ahaz in Isaiah 7? What crisis is he facing, and what does God want Ahaz to do?

Syrio-Ephramite crisis

Lord: be careful do nothing

Ahaz: trust his own intellect - appeals to TP III

What are two possible significations (a more technical word for "meanings") of the word "almah" in 7:14? What are the two possible referents (who or what they refer to) of those significations—one historical (from before Jesus), one eschatological (from Jesus' time or after)?

virgin - Virgin Mary: eschatological fulfillment of 7:14

young woman - Isaiah's wife: historical fulfillment of 8

What two tribal lands are mentioned in Isa 9 as having importance when the LORD gives the gift of a son in the line of David?

Zebulun and Naphtali

What was the major highway called which ran from Mesopotamia down into Egypt?

Via Maris

What are the four throne titles given to the coming King of Isaiah 9?

Wonderful Counselor

Mighty God

Everlasting Father

Prince of Peace

What two qualities will characterize the reign of Isaiah 9 that make him different from the past kings of Israel, especially the wicked kings? (see v. 7)

justice and righteousness

Isaiah compares the deliverance brought by the coming Messiah to His deliverance of Israel "on the day of Midian." In what way are those deliverances similar?

the LORD saves through weakness

What is zeal (as in 9:7)?

jealousy

highly motivated without sin

Who especially is judged in Isaiah 10 for their arrogance in thinking that their victories were their own doing? What does God call Assyria in 10:5 in order to clarify His role in Israel and Judah's destruction? What historical event does God prophesy in 10:16-19?

Assyria

His axe

Destruction of the Assyrian army (701 BC)

Why possibly does Isaiah describe the Messiah in chapter 11 as coming from the stump of Jesse? That is, why not the stump of David?

New and Greater David

Humble beginnings

The Messiah in chapter 11 is endowed with the seven-fold gift of the Holy Spirit. According to 11:5, what are two character qualities is the Messiah going to have which distinguish him from the kings of Israel and Judah?

justice

righteousness

faithfulness

According to chapter 11, what will be the basis for the shalom of the Messiah's kingdom? (v.9)

knowledge of the LORD

What is the significance of the word translated "signal" in 11:12? To what "signal" in the NT might the "signal" in 11:12 be referring?

used for the pole Moses puts up

What likely does the apparent military conquest of the surrounding nations by Israel and Judah in 11:14 actually refer to?

the LORD through His people conquer with the sword of the Spirit

The LORD sometimes uses ___________ ___________________________ language to refer to NT _______________________________.

Old Testament

realities

The victory song in Isaiah 12 alludes to which song from the Pentateuch? What kind of event do both songs celebrate? An ____________________________.

Song of the Sea

Exodus

What are three items in the Oracles concerning the nations that would have been shocking to the people of Judah (per Pr. Olson)?

Begins with Babylon

Assyria and Egypt will one day be God's people along with Israel

Judah is included in the list

Why is this section, chapters 13-23, better referred to as "the oracles concerning the nations" than "the oracles against nations?

includes both law and gospel

In which chapter of these oracles does the LORD place Israel alongside Assyria and Egypt as God's people?

Isaiah 19

The oracles concerning the nations begin with an oracle concerning _________________ and end with an oracle concerning __________________.

Babylon

Tyre

The early church considered Isaiah 14:12 to refer to the king of Babylon but also to _________________________________.

Satan

What two names are used for Satan in the book of Isaiah?

Leviathan

Lucifer (the Day Star)

Is the referent of chapters 24-27 primarily historical or eschatological?

eschatological

(little apocalypse)

What is the mountain in Isaiah 25:6 likely referring to?

Christ's kingdom

The church

According to Isaiah 25:6-8, what are two things that are going to take place on this mountain

Death will be conquered

We will have a banquet (God will satisfy our deepest desires)

In Isa 26, what Hebrew word is repeated to emphasize the quality of life in the holy city?

shalom

Throughout the Bible, terms like "poor," "needy," and "afflicted" are used synonymously with

righteous

What is the name of the mythological animal which the LORD will defeat in Isaiah 27? Where does the concept of this animal come from? What does this animal symbolize? When likely does the defeat of this "creature" occur in history?

Leviathan

Canaanite Mythology

the sea (chaos and evil)

Good Friday

Where in the New Testament are we told that this animal symbolizes Satan? (book and chapter)

Revelation 12

Which two nations did God's people try to rely on instead of God, according to Isaiah chapters 7-35?

Assyria and Egypt

In Isaiah 26:19, which Christian doctrine is evident for one of the few times in the Old Testament?

Resurrection of the dead

In Isa 28, what image is used to describe the good king whom God will send to restore Jerusalem?

cornerstone

Isa chapters 26, 29, and 35 along with Isa 61, were used by the writers of the Dead Sea Scrolls to construct a portrait of the ______________________________________

Messiah

Be able to fill in the blanks of the following from Isaiah 26:3:You keep him in ___________ ___________ / whose ____________ is ___________ on you,/ because he ____________ in you./ ____________ in the LORD forever,/ for the LORD GOD is an everlasting ____________.

perfect peace

mind

stayed

trusts

trust

rock

The Hebrew verb batach is translated "trust." What is the picture behind this word?

one throwing themself down at another's feet at their mercy

The Hebrew verb shoov is usually translated in the following two ways? _________ or ________.

return or repent