ap gov chapter 6

Bandwagon effect

supporting candidate or cause because its popular or likely to win.

Census:

anumeration of the population taken every 10 years, shows demographic changes

Conservative

Someone who favors limited government, and less economic regulation

Sampling error:

difference between the results of a poll or survey includes opinions

Reapportionment

Redistributing seats in the House of Representatives after the census based on population changes.

Happens every 10 years

level of confidence in the accuracy of a public opinion poll’s results. It measures how much the poll’s estimates might differ from the actual opinions of the entire population.

push poll

influences biased opinions on candates, not for research/data

simpson mazzoli act

made it illegal for employers to hire undocumented immigrants and gave legal status to immigrants who met requirements before 1982

group benefit voters

based on how political parties or policies help certain groups for identity
➡ Example: A union worker voting for the party supporting labor rights.

Ideologues

consistent set of political beliefs

Liberalism or Conservative

➡ Example: A strong liberal always votes for policies expanding government programs

Liberal:

Believes government should actively promote social welfare and equality.
➡ Usually supports: Higher taxes on the wealthy, social programs, and environmental regulation.

gender gap

pattern in woman supporting Democrats and spending on social services

opposing high levels of military spending

Minority majority:

minority groups combined outnumber the white majority.

Nature of the times voters:

Vote based on whether the country seems to be doing well or poorly.
➡ Example: Voting against the incumbent during an economic recession.

No issue content voters:

based on candidates’ appearance or party labels

Political culture:

Shared beliefs and values about how politics and government should operate.

Political ideology:

A consistent set of beliefs about the role of government and public policy.
➡ Example: Liberalism, conservatism, libertarianism.

Political participation:

All the activities citizens use to influence government—both conventional and unconventional.

Political socialization:

Process by which people develop political attitudes and values.
➡ Main influences: Family, school, peers, and media.

Public opinion:

The distribution of people’s beliefs about political issues, leaders, and institutions.

Random sampling:

Survey method where everyone has an equal chance of being selected for fairness.

Random-digit dialing:

Pollsters call random phone numbers to reach a representative sample

Reapportionment:

Redistribution of seats in the House of Representatives based on new census data.

older age increases the likely to vote?

turnout and strength of party increase

The biggest consequence of declining trust in government has been a lack of support during times of international crisis.

false

Which of the following ensures that the opinions of several hundred million Americans can be inferred through polling?

random sampling.

Push Poll:

influence voters’ opinions by the use of a survey with misleading questions to sway respondents toward a particular political view

As people grow older,