muscles of vertebral column

spinalis muscle column

extend vertebral column, capitis and cervicis may play a minor role in extending the head

longissimus muscle column

extend vertebral column, latera;;y flex vertebral column when contracted on one side only

semispinalis group (semispinalis captis, cervicis, and thoracis)

extend vertebral column, capitis and cervicis extend the head and rotate it to opposite side

multifidus muscle

synergist of other muscles of vertebral column movement and assist in maintaining posture

rotatores muscles

extend vertebral column

quadratus lumborum muscle

extend vertebral column; maintain posture, laterally flex the vertebral column when contracted on one side only