Science test 3

What is a cell?

A cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of life. It’s usually microscopic and contains cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed by a membrane.

What are the three parts of the Cell Theory?

. All living things are made up of one or more cells.
. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living things.
. All cells come from pre-existing cells through cell division.

Cell Organelles and Their Functions 1

Nucleus – Stores genetic material (DNA).

Cell Organelles and Their Functions 2

Mitochondria – Produce energy for the cell.

Cell Organelles and Their Functions 3

Ribosomes – Make proteins.

Cell Organelles and Their Functions 4

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) – Processes and transports proteins.- (The ER and Golgi apparatus work together to process and move proteins throughout the cell.)

Cell Organelles and Their Functions 5

Golgi Apparatus – Modifies and packages proteins for transport.- (The ER and Golgi apparatus work together to process and move proteins throughout the cell.)

Eukaryotic Cell

A complex cell that has a nucleus surrounded by a membrane and contains other membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum.

Prokaryotic Cell

A simple, single-celled organism that does not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.

Cytosol

The liquid part of the cytoplasm where organelles and other particles are suspended.

Cytoplasm

The material inside a cell, excluding the nucleus, that contains the organelles and cytosol.

Chromatin

The material inside the nucleus made of DNA, RNA, and proteins, which forms chromosomes in eukaryotic cells.

Chromosome

A thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus that carries genetic information in the form of genes.

Organelle

A specialized structure within a cell that performs a specific function.

Prokaryotic, Plant, and Animal Cells (Basic Labeling Info)

A prokaryotic cell does not have a nucleus but contains a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes.
(Plant and animal cell labeling can be reviewed using your coloring sheets.)