Chemistry Topic 1 Metals and the reactivity series

What is the reaction between metals and oxygen?

Metal + oxygen →metal oxide

What is the reaction between potassium and oxygen?

Burns with a lilac flame, forms a white solid

4K + O2 →2K2O

What is the reaction between sodium and oxygen?

Burns with a yellow flame, forms a white solid

4Na + O2 → 2Na2O

What is the reaction between calcium and oxygen?

Burns with a red flame, forms a red solid

2Ca + O2 → 2CaO

What is the reaction between magnesium and oxygen?

Burns with a bright white light, forms a white solid

2Mg + O2 → 2MgO

What is the reaction between aluminium and oxygen?

Burns only when a fine powder, forms white solid

4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O3

What is the reaction between zinc and oxygen?

Burns in air forming a yellow solid which changes to white on cooling

2Zn + O2 → 2ZnO

What is the reaction between iron and oxygen?

Iron fillings burn with orange sparks, forms black solid

3Fe + 2O2 → Fe3O4

What is the reaction between Copper and oxygen?

Doesn’t burn but becomes covered in black layer

2Cu + O2 → 2CuO

What is the reaction between metals and water?

metal + water → metal hydroxide + hydrogen

What is the reaction between lithium and water?

Floats on surface

Moves about surface

Fizzes, gas given off

Eventually disappears

Heat given out

Colourless solution formed

2Li + 2H2O → 2LiOH + H2

What is the reaction between sodium and water?

Floats on surface

Melts into silvery ball

Moves about surface

Burns with yellow flame

Fizzes, gas given off

Eventually disappears

Heat given off

Colourless solution forms

2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2

What is the reaction between potassium and water?

Floats on surface

Moves about surface

Burns with lilac flame

Fizzes, gas given off

Eventually disappears

Heat given out

Colourless solution formed

2K + 2H2O → 2KOH + H2

What is the reaction between calcium and water?

Sinks to bottom of the beaker, then rises

Effervescence

Heat released

Gets smaller then disappears

Colourless solution forms with white precipitate

Ca + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2

What is the reaction between magnesium and water?

A few bubbles of gas produced over time

Mg + 2H2O → Mg(OH)2 + H2

What is the reaction between metals and steam?

metal + steam → metal oxide + hydrogen

What is the reaction between magnesium and steam?

Bright white light

White solid forms

Heat given out

Mg + H2O → MgO + H2

What is the reaction between Aluminium and steam?

Forms white solid

Heat given out

2Al + 3H2O → Al2O3 + 3H2

What is the reaction between zinc and steam?

Glows to form yellow powder

Forms a white powder once cooled

Heat given out

Zn + H2O → ZnO + H2

What is the reaction between iron and steam?

Powdered iron glows to form a black solid

3Fe + 4H2O → Fe3O4 + 4H2

What is the reactivity series?

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Potassium

Sodium

Calcium

Magnesium

Aluminium

Zinc

Iron

Copper

What is a displacement reaction?

When a more reactive metal takes the place of a less reactive metal in a compound

What is the reaction between magnesium and copper sulfate?

Blue solution fades

Red-brown solid forms

Heat is released

Colourless solution forms

Mg + CuSO4 → MgSO4 + Cu