Chemical Structures and Molar Mass

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to chemical structures, naming conventions, and calculations involving molar mass and formula weight.

Electron dot structure

A representation of the valence electrons of an atom, where dots represent electrons.

Lewis structure

A diagram that shows the relationship between the atoms in a molecule, including lone and bonding pairs of electrons.

Single bond

A chemical bond that involves the sharing of one pair of electrons between two atoms.

Double bond

A chemical bond that involves the sharing of two pairs of electrons between two atoms.

Triple bond

A chemical bond that involves the sharing of three pairs of electrons between two atoms.

Molecule

An uncharged group of atoms bonded together by covalent bonds.

Molecular formula

A formula that shows the number and types of atoms in a molecule, but not how they are arranged.

Naming binary molecules

The process of naming compounds consisting of two different elements, typically by listing the elements in order and modifying the second element's name.

Formula weight

The sum of the atomic weights of all atoms in a chemical formula.

Molecular weight

The sum of the atomic weights of the elements in a molecule, calculated in atomic mass units (amu).

Molar mass

The mass in grams of one mole of a substance, numerically equal to its molecular weight.

Conversion from grams to moles

The method for calculating the number of moles from a given mass, using the formula: moles = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol).

Ammonium hydroxide

The name for the molecule with the formula NH4OH, a compound containing ammonium and hydroxide ions.