Muscles of the Sole of the Foot (1st - 4th Layers)
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40 Terms
What is the proximal attachment of the abductor hallucis m.?
Medial tubercle of the tuberosity of the calcaneus; flexor retinaculum; and plantar aponeurosis
What is the distal attachment of the abductor hallucis m.?
Medial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 1st digit
What is the innervation of the abductor hallucis m.?
Medial Plantar Nerve (L5, S1)
What is the action of the abductor hallucis m.?
Abducts and flexes 1st digit (great toe / hallux) at MTP and IP joints
What is the proximal attachment of the flexor digitorum brevis m.?
Medial tubercle of the tuberosity of the calcaneus; plantar aponeurosis; and intermuscular septa
What is the distal attachment of the flexor digitorum brevis m.?
Both sides of the middle phalanges of the lateral four digits
What is the innervation of the flexor digitorum brevis m.?
Medial Plantar Nerve (L5, S1)
What is the action of the flexor digitorum brevis m.?
Flexes lateral four digits at MTP and IP joints
What is the proximal attachment of the abductor digiti minimi m.?
Medial and lateral tubercles of the tuberosity of the calcaneus; plantar aponeurosis; and intermuscular septa
What is the distal attachment of the abductor digiti minimi m.?
Lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit
What is the innervation of the abductor digiti minimi m.?
Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1, S2, S3)
What is the action of the abductor digiti minimi m.?
Abducts and flexes little toe (5th digit) at the MTP and IP joints
What is the proximal attachment of the quadratus plantae m.?
Medial surface and lateral margin of the plantar surface of the calcaneusWh
What is the distal attachment of the quadratus plantae m.?
Posterolateral margin of the tendons of the flexor digitorum longus m.
What is the innervation of the quadratus plantae m.?
Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1, S2, S3)
What is the action of the quadratus plantae m.?
Assists flexor digitorum longus m. in flexing the lateral four digits at the MTP and IP joints
What is the proximal attachment of the lumbricals m.?
Tendons of the flexor digitorum longus m.
What is the distal attachment of the lumbricals m.?
Medial aspect of expansion over the lateral four digits
What is the innervation of the lumbricals m.?
Medial One: Medial Plantar Nerve (L5, S1)
Lateral Three: Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1, S2, S3)
What is the action of the lumbricals m.?
Flex proximal IP joint; extend middle and distal IP joints of the lateral four digits
What is the proximal attachment of the flexor hallucis brevis m.?
Plantar surfaces of the cuboid and lateral cuneiforms
What is the distal attachment of the flexor hallucis brevis m.?
Both sides of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 1st digit
What is the innervation of the flexor hallucis brevis m.?
Medial Plantar Nerve (L5, S1)
What is the action of the flexor hallucis brevis m.?
Flexes the PIP joint of the 1st digit
What is the proximal attachment of the adductor hallucis m.?
Oblique Head: bases of metatarsals 2-4
Transverse Head: plantar ligaments of MTP joints
What is the distal attachment of the adductor hallucis m.?
Tendons of both heads attach to the lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 1st digit
What is the innervation of the adductor hallucis m.?
Deep Branch of Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1, S2, S3)
What is the action of the adductor hallucis m.?
Traditionally said to adduct the 1st digit; assists in maintaining the transverse arch of the foot by pulling the metatarsals medially
What is the proximal attachment of the flexor digit minimi brevis m.?
Base of the 5th metatarsal
What is the distal attachment of the flexor digit minimi brevis m.?
Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit
What is the innervation of the flexor digit minimi brevis m.?
Superficial Branch of Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1, S2, S3)
What is the action of the flexor digit minimi brevis m.?
Flexes proximal IP joint of the 5th digit (thereby assisting with flexion of the digit)
What is the proximal attachment of the plantar interossei m.?
Plantar aspect of the medial sides of the shafts of the metatarsals 3-5
What is the distal attachment of the plantar interossei m.?
Medial sides of the bases of phalanges of the 3rd-5th digits
What is the innervation of the plantar interossei m.?
Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1, S2, S3)
What is the action of the plantar interossei m.?
Adduct and flex digits 3-5 at MTP joints
What is the proximal attachment of the dorsal interossei m.?
Adjacent sides of the shafts of metatarsals 1-5
What is the distal attachment of the dorsal interossei m.?
1st: medial side of the proximal phalanx of the 2nd digit
2nd-4th: lateral sides of the 2nd-4th digits
What is the innervation of the dorsal interossei m.?
Lateral Plantar Nerve (S1, S2, S3)
What is the action of the dorsal interossei m.?
Abduct and flex digits 2-4 at MTP joints
Note 
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