Chapter 22 respiratory system - Tagged

what is the primary function of the respiratory system?

to bring oxygen into the body and expel carbon dioxide

breathing , gas exchange in the lungs (breathing in and out)

external respiration

gas exchange between blood and body cells

internal respiration

oxygen use in mitochondria for ATP production, releasing CO2

cellular respiration

The nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, larynx are apart of which respiratory tract?

upper respiratory tract

The trachea ,bronchial tree, lungs are apart of which respiratory system?

lower respiratory tract

what are the functions of the Nasal Conchae?

Increase surface area for filtering, warming and moistening air

mucous membrane traps ____ and _____

dust and pathogens

cillia move mucus to pharynx for ______

swallowing

Warm, moist air improves ____ ______

gas exchange

role of the sinuses is that it _____ the skull

lightens

the sinuses help with ______ ______

voice resonance

the sinuses help produce _____

mucus

blocked sinus drainage causes pressure and headaches

sinusitis

air passage, connects to auditory tubes

nasopharynx

passage for air and food

oropharynx

leeds to larynx and esophagus

laryngopharynx

true vocal cords _____ as air passes through, creating sound

vibrate

what prevents the Trachea from collapsing?

cartilage rings

function of the lungs

gas exchange occurs in alveoli

role of visceral pleura

covers the lungs

role of the parietal pleura

lines the thoracic cavity

role of the pleural cavity

reduces friction

role of Alveolar Macrophages

clean alveoli by engulfing debris and pathogens

effects of smoking

paralyzes cilia and infections increases

long term consequences of smoking

alveolar damage which decreases gas exchange

how do the pharynx and larynx air in respiration?

direct air to lungs

role of mucous membranes in protection

trap pathogens and particles, preventing infections

Asbestos exposure can lead to

lung scarring, cancer

this respiratory condition from air pollution & Asbestos can arise from prolonged exposure

COPD

respiratory condition from air pollution & Asbestos

mesothelioma

How the Bronchial Tree Facilitates Efficient Gas Exchange

Increasing surface area for oxygen diffusion

Role of Surfactant

Reduces surface tension in alveoli, preventing collapse

Boyle's Law & Breathing

Pressure and volume are inversely relatedwhen the volume of the lungs increases, the pressure decreases, allowing air to flow in.

Pathway of Airflow (Nasal Cavity to Alveoli)

Nasal cavity → 2. Pharynx → 3. Larynx → 4. Trachea → 5. Bronchi → 6. Bronchioles → 7. Alveoli.