great depression/new deal test review

11th grade history on level

Over Production and how it affects prices-

too many goods not enough buyers causes overproduction this led to a drop in prices.

High Tariffs and how they affected world trade-

Tariffs designed to increase taxes on foreign goods to promote US manufacturing goods. In response, other countries created tariffs which caused a slowdown in international trade, worsening the world economy.

Stock market speculation and buying on the Margin-

Buying stocks with borrowed money/gambling on the stock market, this caused the stock market to inflate and not accurately reflect what the stock market prices should be

Bank Failures .Why did they fail and how did it affect those that did not invest in stocks?

Banks were heavily invested in the markets and taking on risky loans and when people went to get their money out, the banks could not meet the demand.

Money Supply and the Federal Reserve-

the Federal Reserved failed to raise interest rates. Encouraged banks to make risky loans. Businesses assumed the economy was expanding and borrowed more money to increase production But then in 1931, the Fed raised the discount rate, slowing the supply of money in the economy. Businesses could not borrow the money they needed to stay open.

What happened on Oct. 29, 1929? What led up to this event?

The Stock Market Crash- Black Tuesday. Overspeculation in the stock market. This event will immediately impact those who invested in the stock market, over time its impact will be felt throughout society.

What was the Mexican Repatriation Act?

Aggressive program to forcibly remove persons of Mexican ancestry (including American citizens) from the United States, This was seen as a way to increase job opportunities for Americans.

What are Hoovervilles? What caused the creation of Hoovervilles?

They were shanty towns built by the homeless. This was caused by high unemployment which led to foreclosures and rent evictions. There was no government response to this problem.

What was the Dust Bowl?

Make sure to include the causes and how it impacted the people living in that region of the United States. Poor Farming practices, over farming and drought. 60% of families lost their farms. People left the mid west and moved to California.

What was the result of the Election of 1932? How did this election change the role of the American government in the lives of its citizens?

This served as a turning point in the way Americans looked to the government for aid on the scale they did during and after the Great Depression. People saw the government as a way to solve their problems.

How did President Hoover and President Roosevelt differ in their attempts to alleviate the impact of the Great Depression on both the economy and society?

Hoover did little hoping things would improve on their own. (small public works, and programs) Roosevelt-more aggressive than Hoover, put in place programs to help the people in crisis (New Deal).

What did FDR hope to accomplish with his Relief, Recovery, and Reform policy during his 1st 100 days?

Purpose of the New Deal - Provide relief, recovery, and reform to Create jobs and Stimulate the economy

What was the purpose of "Fireside Chats" and why were these chats unique?

Roosevelt addressed the American public via radio to reassure them everything would be okay.

Federal Deposits Insurance Corporation(FDIC)-

was created to insure people's banking deposits encouraging people to reinvest their money in banks. It is still in place today.

Securities and Exchange Commission(SEC)-

Agency created to regulate the stock market and the banking industry. To prevent dangerous practices that led to the stock market crash from happening again.

Social Security Administration(SSA)-

It provides benefits to help the elderly with retirement plans and people with disabilities.

Federal Housing Administration(FHA)-

It helps people secure home loans.

Tennessee Valley Authority(TVA)-

The TVA created new hydroelectric dams that created jobs, generated electricity and brought modernity to the region. This raise the standard of living for the people living in the area.

What was the purpose of the "Bank Holiday"? How did they stop bank failures?

To check the health of banks and stop bank runs.

What was FDR's "Court Packing" scandal? What was he attempting to accomplish and was he successful?

He tried to add 6 new judges to alleviate the burdens of the older judges. He was trying to "pack" the court with judges that would support his New Deal programs.

Why were many of FDR's New Deal programs considered "Unconstitutional" by the Supreme Court?

It had too much government regulation. It infringed on the power reserved for the states.

What did many opponents of FDR's policies fear it would do to the size of the Federal Government?

Conservatives: They felt it would make the government too big and powerful. They felt it made the government too socialistic and limited personal freedom. Progressives: thought they were not doing enough for the "little man"

Who is Eleanor Roosevelt, and how was she different from other First Ladies?

Eleanor Roosevelt was FDR's wife. She traveled around the United States doing PR for her husband's programs unlike other first ladies.