Exam 2 Poultry and Bovine

On necropsy, what would you find that might indicate Omphalitis?

Septicemia

What is the causative agent of Necrotic Enteritis?

Clostridium perfringens

What is an important feature of Colibacillosis?

Zoonotic

What is the causative agent of Inclusion Body Hepatitis?

Aviadenovirus

What disease causes 100% mortality in birds less than 4 weeks of age?

Salmonella pullorum

What disease control method(s) is useful for almost ALL of the diseases discussed in the poultry lecture?

Facility hygiene and biosecurity

Which Salmonella species is host adapted to chickens?

Pullorum

Which poultry disease is reportable?

Fowl Cholera

What disease has chickens showing signs of nasal.oral discharges, green diarrhea or sudden death?

Fowl Cholera

Which respiratory disease is primarily a problem of poor environmental conditions (ie; not infectious from bird to bird)?

Aspergillosis

You walk into a chicken coop and there is blood splattered on the walls, about knee level. You realize this is a clinical sign for what respiratory disease?

Laryngotracheitis

What poultry disease can cause both respiratory and neurological signs?

Chlamydophilosis

Which disease presents with skin lesions along with pneumonia?

Fowl pox

What is a feature of Avian Influenza

Reportable, Low and high pathogenicity forms, Possibly zoonotic

What animal is the primary carrier of Avian Influenza?

Water fowl

Which is not a common clinical signs of High Path Avian Influenza?

Blood from orifices

Which reportable poultry disease is the US FREE of at this point in time?

New Castle Disease

What is the causative agent of Histomoniasis?

Histomonas meleagridis

What is a risk factor for developing Histomoniasis

Housing chickens with turkeys

What is the causative agent of Limberneck?

Clostridium botulinum

What is the main clinical sign of Avian Encephalomyslitis?

Tremors

The chicken in the following photo is most likely experiencing what disease?

Picture is a chicken in a split

Marek's disease

What disease has a vaccine available?

Marek's disease

The brachial wing vein is visualized between what two landmarks?

The biceps and triceps muscle groups

What is a common complication in poultry after venipuncture?

Hematoma formation

If your chicken leaves dark brown liquid feces twice daily, what are you concerned about?

Normal cecal feces, I'm not worried

What is a contraindication of gavage feeding poultry?

Crop stasis

What is a complication of giving an intramuscular injection in the leg muscles of poultry?

Paralysis

What is an indication for giving an intraperitoneal injection in poultry?

Poultry

When sexing chicks, you see that the covert feathers are the same length as the primary feathers. what sex chick do you have?

Male

What is desnooding?

Removal of the snood

Which vaccination technique if the most effective in poultry?

Eye drop vaccination

What is the cause of death in calves affected by scours?

Dehydration

When a calf is affected by scours, you should stop feeding it milk to reduce the diarrhea. True or False

False

What is the causative agent of coccidia in calves?

Eimeria bovis

What is white muscle disease?

Selenium deficiency

Dermatoiphytosis is zoonotic

True

What is the most common form of BVD?

Subclincal

During a necropsy, you find necrosis and hemorrhage in the bovine larynx and trachea. What disease is at the top of your differential list?

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis

What is a key feature of bovine tuberculosis?

Chronic respiratory disease

Which bovine respiratory disease is reportable?

Bovine viral diarrhea

What is the purpose of the "ping" test?

Detect gas in the Abomasum

What is a treatment for acute frothy bloat?

Give vegetable oil

What condition may require a rumenostomy in order to treat?

Chronic bloat

What is traumatic reticuloperitonitis?

Foreign body punctures reticulum, diaphragm, pericardium

What is a cheap and effective way to prevent traumatic reticuloperitonitis?

Magnets

LDAs/RDAs are most commonly seen in:

Fresh dairy cows

What agent causes a chronic wasting disease most often seen in older cows?

Mycobacterium avian subspecies paratuberculosis

What is the course of Listeria?

Moldy silage

What are the two forms of rabies?

Paralytic and furious

An old saying is "never let the sun set on a..."

RDA

What is polioencephalomalacia?

Deficiency of thiamine

Which neurological disease is reportable?

Bovine spongiform encephalitis

What are the main clinical signs of Brucellosis in cattle?

Abortion storms at 8 months of gestation

What is the main clinical sign of Fibrosis?

Early embryonic death

How are cattle exposed to Leptospirosis?

Wildlife contaminate drinking water

What is the best way to prevent Leptospirosis infections in cattle?

Vaccinate

What are clinical signs of metritis in cattle?

Foul smelling, watery vaginal discharge

When does a vaginal prolapse typically occur in cattle?

last 2-3 weeks of gestation

Treatment for a uterine prolapse includes IV oxytocin. True or False

True

What is the best diagnostic technique for detecting Johnes disease?

Fecal culture

How does Johnes present?

Chronic wasting

What is a causative agent of foot rot?

Fusobacterium necrophorum

What are clinical signs of hypomagnesemic tetany?

Convulsions, hyperexcitability, death

Which organism is responsible for contagious mastitis?

Staph aureus

What is a feature of Foot and Mouth disease?

It is a vesicular disease

What is the mode of transmission for pinkeye?

Flies

It is important to perform a field necropsy on a suspected anthrax case.

False

A cow presents with weakness 24 hours post-parturition. By the time you arrive at the farm, she is down and refusing to stand. What is your top differential at this time?

Hypocalcemia

What is the most common location to perform venipuncture in the bovine?

Coccygeal vein

What can happen when you use the milk vein for intravenous injections?

Hematoma, access, bleeding

An abdomenocentisis should be performed

Right of midline, caudal to xyphoid

What could occur if you inject medication in the coccygeal vein?

Necrosis of the tail

What are you likely to find when testing a milk sample that has mastitis?

Elevated somatic cell count

What is the best way to deliver large volumes of fluid to a ruminant?

Rumen intubation

A paravertebral numbs what structure(s):

T14, L1 & L2

What are some important risks when placing cattle under general anesthesia?

Regurgitation, bloat, hypoventilation and compartment syndrome

When using an elastrator, make sure you

Give a Tetanus vaccine

What are common complications of dehorning older cattle?

Hemorrhage and open sinus

What is a hen's favorite type of movie?

A chick flick