Psychotic Disorders

If supportive care and cessation of antipsychotics fail to relieve NMS, what should be given as treatment?

Dantrolene, bromocriptine, or benzodiazepines

Compared to a prolactinoma, how will the prolactin levels increase in those taking atypical antipsychotics?

They will be elevated not as much comparatively

If glucocorticoids are causing psychosis, what is the severity where it is best to add antipsychotics?

Psychosis that is severe enough to impair daily functioning or poses a risk to the patient or others.

If someone is saying they hear a voice telling them to do something, on what grounds should they be involuntarily hospitalized?

If the voice commands them to harm themselves or others, or if they are unable to care for themselves.

What is akathisia?

A movement disorder characterized by a feeling of inner restlessness and an uncontrollable urge to be in constant motion, often seen as a side effect of antipsychotic medications.

What is the treatment for akathisia?

Treatment for akathisia often includes beta-blockers, benzodiazepines, or switching to a different antipsychotic medication with a lower risk of this side effect.

What antipsychotic is best for initial treatment for psychosis?

Atypical antipsychotics, such as aripiprazole, risperidone, or olanzapine

What are examples of delusions that will be seen in delusional disorder?

Examples of delusions include paranoid delusions (“The government is spying on me”), grandiose delusions (“I am the Messiah”), and somatic delusions, where individuals may believe they are being persecuted, have exceptional abilities, or have physical ailments that are not present.

What are treatments of catatonia?

Treatment for catatonia typically involves benzodiazepines, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or addressing the underlying cause, such as an underlying psychiatric or medical condition.

What drugs can cause Parkinsonism?

First-generation antipsychotics, certain antiemetics, and some mood stabilizers. These medications can lead to symptoms resembling Parkinson's disease due to their effects on dopamine pathways.

When would someone need to be given injectable long-acting antipsychotics?

Individuals with schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders who have difficulty adhering to oral medication regimens, experience frequent relapses, or require sustained therapeutic levels of medication.

What are some of the dangerous side effects of clozapine?

Agranulocytosis, seizures, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, and metabolic syndrome. Regular monitoring of white blood cell counts is essential due to the risk of severe neutropenia.

In a patient with Parkinson’s with psychosis, what is the best antipsychotic?

Quetiapine is considered the best antipsychotic

Although her psychotic symptoms are much improved at her 1-month follow-up, evidenced-based guidelines consistently recommend that antipsychotic medication be continued 

indefinitely to reduce the risk of relapse.

Options for pharmacological management of an acutely agitated patient include the administration of a

benzodiazepine and/or an antipsychotic agent

Delusional disorder may be subtyped based on delusional

themes; in this case, it is persecutory (eg, being poisoned, harassed, plotted against)

What is the main feature of pediatric schizophrenia?

The main feature of pediatric schizophrenia is a significant impairment in functioning, characterized by symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking that occur in children and adolescents.