A&P Test Review 4 Dermis/bones

Dermis consists of what (3 answers)

collagen, Elastic reticular fiber, fibrous connective tissue

elastic reticular fiber, cells of fibrous connective tissue

What has many blood vessels, nerve endings, sweat, and sebaceous glands

Dermis

Hair and nails are rooted here

Dermis

The boundary between epidermis and dermis is made of upward waves called

Dermal papillae

2 layers of dermis

Papillary, reticular

What layer of dermis is areolar tissue in and near dermal papillae

Papillary

What dermis layer has thick bundles of collagen, elastic fibers, fibroblasts and clusters of adipocytes

Reticular layer

What layer of dermis are sweat glands, nail roots, hair follicles

Reticular layer

What underlies dermis

Hypodermis

What is looser CT and adipose tissue and serves as energy reservoir and provides thermal insulation

Hypodermis

What is factor in skin color produced myelanocytes

Melanin

What is melanin function (2 answers)

Blocks UV radiation, Increases production which leads to tanning affect

3 forms of skin cancer

Basale cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma

Basal cell carcinoma arises from

Stratum basale

Squamous cell carcinoma arises in

Stratum spinosum

Melanoma arises from

Melanocytes of a preexisting mole

Where is first degree burn involved

Epidermis

Where is Second degree burn is involved in

Entire epidermis and part of dermis

Where is third degree burn involved in

Destroys epidermis and all of dermis

What is Eccrine sweat gland function

Produces watery perspiration, sweat, that cools body

What are most sweat glands

Eccrine sweat glands

Where are apocrine sweat glands located (5 answers)

Groin, anal region, axilla, areola, beard

What is the function and characteristic of apocrine sweat glands (4 answers)

Responds to stress, sexual stimulation, doesn’t develope until puberty, produce pheromones

What gland keeps skin and hair from being dry

Sebaceous glands

What is the lower jaw

Mandible

What is the upper jaw

Maxilla

support function of bones

Supports bones of limbs, vertebral column

What does bones protect

Brain, spinal cords lungs, heart, pelvic viscera

Bones are the major producer of

Blood cells

What is a bone storage function

Reservoir of calcium and phosphorus

Bone is a blank with hard calcified matrix

CT

What is solidly filled with opaque matrix

Compact bone

Is compact bone deep or superficial

Superficial

Porous lattice with spaces found on interior bone

Spongy bone

Bone forming cells that synthesize the matrix of the bone and promote its mineralization

osteoblasts

Former osteoblasts that became trapped in deposited matrix

Osteocytes

Resides in cavities called lacunae, connected by channels called canaliculi

Osteocytes

Osteoclasts are

Bone dissolving cells

What surrounds osteocytes and lacunae

Bone matrix

Matrix has two parts what are they

Organic collagen, inorganic calcium phosphate

Spongy bone has Porous network of rods and plates are called

Trabeculae

Sponge like appearances, spaces are filled with

Bone marrow and blood vessel

You can find trabeculae in

Spongy bone

What forms outer hard shell of bone

Compact bone

What does compact bone provide

Solid attachment for muscles, tendons, ligaments

Where are concentric layers called lamellae arranged around central canals found

Compact boje

Central canals contain

Small blood vessels and nerves

Osteocytes are in blank between blank, they exchange nutrients and wastes in the blank

Lacunae, lamellae, canaliculi

What bone is upper arm

Humerus

What bone is outside forearm

Radius

What two bones is inside fore arm

Ulna (inside) Radius (outside)

Thigh bone

Femur

Which bone is inside tibia or fibula

Tibia

Is fibula inside or outside

Outside

What is function of clavicle

Support for arms

What are examples of long bones

Humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, fibula