Ch. 9 Study Guide
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33 Terms
What can you tell about Darius and his biggest interests?
He was a young prince who claimed the throne and killed all his rivals. He worked to restore order in Persia, and then he expanded the empire.
Who won the Battle at Marathon?
Athens
What was Sparta known for when it came to the military?
They had the best army in Greece
What was Athens known for when it came to the military?
They had the best navy in Greece
What was the most important aspect of life in Sparta?
the military
The largest class in Athens was which class?
the poorer class
What caused the start of the Peloponnesian War?
the growth of Athenian power worried many cities in the Peloponnesian League
How were Philip of Macedonia and Alexander the Great related?
Philip was Alexander's father
What happened before Darius ruled Persia?
Cyrus the Great expanded the empire. Then his son died in a rebellion in Persia.
What was a tremendous improvement that Darius made to the Persian Empire?
He built many roads, connecting many parts of the empire. Messengers used them to travel quickly throughout Persia.
Alexander worked to spread Greek culture throughout his empire. What does this tell you about him?
He admired Greek culture
Why was Alexander the Great able to control such a large empire?
He encouraged people to keep their own customs and traditions, so they wouldn't rebel. He also had a really strong army.
What happened after Alexander and his army crossed the Indus River in India?
His exhausted soldiers refused to go any further, so they had to turn back
Who dominated the Delian League?
Athens
Who dominated the Peloponnesian League?
Sparta
Why did Sparta declare war on Athens?
They were worried about Athens' growth
What was the name of the war when Sparta declared war on Athens?
the Peloponnesian War
Who won the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta
What was the result of Sparta winning the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta became the most powerful city-state in Greece for about 30 years. Then other city-states started to resent them and they lost power.
Which philosopher was arrested and sentenced to death because of his teachings?
Socrates
Who was the guru of geometry? (we still use his teachings today)
Euclid
What do you know about Greek statues?
The sculptors who made them tried to make them look perfect. They wanted their statues to show how beautiful people could be.
Who were the famous Greek tragedy writers?
Aeschylus and Sophocles
Who was the famous Greek comedy writer?
Aristophanes
Who were the three most famous Greek philosophers?
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
Who was the greatest Greek doctor?
Hippocrates
hellenistic
Greek-like
immortals
10,000 soldiers chosen for their bravery and skill
cavalry
a unit of soldiers who ride horses
satraps
governors of provinces in the Persian Empire
phalanx
a group of warriors who stood close together in a square
Parthenon
A temple dedicated to the goddess Athena that was built on the Athenian acropolis in the 400s BC.
reason
clear and ordered thinking