embryo transfer

What is the primary goal of embryo transfer in small ruminants?

To obtain more offspring from elite females.

How are elite females prepared for embryo transfer?

They undergo hormone therapy to super-ovulate.

What happens to the embryos after they are harvested?

They are placed into recipient animals or frozen for future transfer.

Why is embryo transfer considered beneficial?

It increases the number of offspring and can reduce the number of breeding females.

What is one advantage of using frozen embryos in breeding?

It allows for breeding out of season.

What are some risks associated with embryo transfer for donor females?

Scarring, infection, and potential infertility.

What factors are important when selecting recipients for embryo transfer?

Size, milk production, parity, temperament, and body condition.

What is the average estrus cycle duration for goats?

About 21 days, but can range from 18-23 days.

How long should a CIDR be placed in donors to induce super-ovulation?

14 days.

What is Lutalyse used for in the embryo transfer process?

To cause corpora lutea (CL) on ovaries to die, thus preventing pregnancy.

What does the success rate of conception in recipients average?

About 70%.

What is a unique challenge with flushing sheep and goats compared to cattle?

They cannot be palpated due to a smaller cervix.

What are the two types of procedures for embryo transfer mentioned?

Surgical and non-surgical procedures.

What are some pros of the non-surgical embryo transfer procedure?

Less invasive, reduced risk of infection, quicker recovery for donors.

What is recommended to ensure effective synchronization in embryo transfer?

Donors and recipients must be synchronized around a CIDR protocol.

What is the purpose of the flush media in embryo transfer?

To simulate the uterine environment and provide nutrients.

What are embryos typically graded for after flushing?

Stage and quality.

What is the role of ultrasound during the flush procedure?

To check ovaries for ovulations and assess the potential number of embryos to be recovered.

What is an important consideration when managing recipients for embryo transfer?

Ensure recipients are synchronized and in good health.

What is an example of a product used in flush media?

Vigro Complete Flush.

What happens to embryos after they have been flushed out of the uterus?

They are examined under a microscope for viability.

How is embryo quality affected by freezing?

Better quality embryos handle the freezing process better.

On what day post-breeding are embryos usually collected?

6-7 days after breeding.

What should be done if a recipient does not show heat after CIDR pull?

That recipient should be rejected.

What is the expected number of transferrable embryos per donor in good conditions?

8 transferrable embryos.

Why is body condition important in both donors and recipients?

It affects general health and reproductive success.

Why is it beneficial to have records during the transfer procedure?

To track donor and recipient information and expected outcomes.

What are key components of holding media for embryos?

Essential amino acids, growth factors, and antibiotics.

What is a sign that the flushing was successful?

Recovery of viable embryos after the flush.

How are embryos transferred to recipients in the surgical procedure?

Through a small incision made on midline, inserting embryos into the uterine horn.

What should be done with recipients immediately after the transfer procedure?

Provide feed and water.

What additional care is recommended after embryo transfer?

Administering some form of antibiotic injection.

What is a disadvantage of the surgical flush method?

Greater risk of infection and is more invasive.

During embryo transfer, what does synchronization between donors and recipients ensure?

That recipients are ready to accept embryos.

What medical intervention can be beneficial for recipients post-transfer?

Antibiotic injection to prevent infection.

What is the typical body position for recipients during the transfer procedure?

Placed belly up in cradles.

What is critical to note about embryo viability during the holding period?

Embryos may improve in quality during this time.

How long after embryo transfer should a buck be introduced to recipients?

At least two weeks.

What is advised to observe during the embryo flushing process?

Monitor for any signs of blockages in uterine horns.

What should be recorded for each recipient?

Ear-tag with donor information and estimated birth date.

Why are خوب embryos screened under a microscope?

Because they are not visible to the naked eye.

What is an important factor to consider before starting an embryo transfer program?

Economic feasibility and facilities to support the program.