Chapter 5: Forces

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Newtons

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51 Terms

1

Newtons

________ first law says that a resultant force is needed to make something start moving, speed up or slow down.

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2

Gravity

________ attracts all masses, but you only notice it when one of the masses is really big, like a planet.

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3

Weight

________ is the force acting on an object due to gravity, the pull of gravitational force on the object.

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4

steady speed

To travel at a(n) ________, the driving force needs to balance the frictional forces.

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5

Levers

________ increase the distance from the pivot at which the force is applied.

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6

Free body

________ diagrams show all the forces acting on an object.

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7

collision

Each ________ is an events where the momentum of each ball changes, but the overall momentum stays the same.

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8

upthrust

The ________ is equal to the weight of fluid that has been displaced by the object.

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9

Fluids

________ are substances than can flow because their particles are able to move around.

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10

terminal velocity

However, on Earth, air resistance causes things to fall at different speed, and the ________ of any object is determined by its drag in comparison to its weight.

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11

Vectors

________ are usually represented by an arrow- the length of the arrow shows the magnitude and the direction of the arrow shows the direction of the quantity.

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12

Curves

________ represent acceleration or deceleration.

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13

Distance

________ is Scalar, Displacement is a Vector.

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14

Momentum

________ is mainly about how much ‘ oomph an object has.

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15

Velocity

________ is speed in a given direction.

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16

curve

A(n) ________ means changing acceleration.

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17

Gears

________ are circular discs with ‘ teeth around their edges.

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18

Displacement

________ is a vector quantity.

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19

Flat sections

________ represents travelling at a steady speed.

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20

event

If the momentum before a(n) ________ is zero, then the momentum after is zero.

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21

Mass

________ is just the amount of stuff in an object.

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22

emergency

In a(n) ________, a driver may perform a(n) ________ stop.

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23

Acceleration

________ is definitely not the same as velocity or speed.

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24

reaction time

Where the THINKING DISTANCE is how fast the car travels during the drivers ________.

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25

overall force

A resultant force is the ________ on a point or object.

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26

Gravitational force

________ is the force of attraction between masses.

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27

Distance travelled

________= speed x time.

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28

Atmospheric pressure

________ is created on a surface by air molecules colliding with the surface.

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29

Inertial mass

________ can be found using Newtons Second Law of F= ma.

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30

non zero resultant force

A(n) ________ will always produce acceleration in the direction of the force.

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31

atmosphere

The ________ is a layer of air that surrounds Earth.

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32

Uniform acceleration

________ means a constant acceleration.

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33

Pressure

________ is force per unit area, so this means the particles exert a(n) ________.

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34

smaller distance

Pushing at any other angle means a(n) ________, and so a smaller moment.

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35

Wind speed

________ can be affected by things like temperature, atmospheric pressure and if there are any large buildings or structures nearby.

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36

Terminal velocity

________ depends on shape and area.

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37

curve

A steepening ________ means its speeding up (increasing gradient)

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38

Levers

________ make it easier for us to do work.

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39

Mass

________ is not a force, and is measured in kilograms with a(n) ________ balance.

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40

Gears

________ transmit rotational effects.

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41

non zero resultant force

The velocity will only change if theres a(n) ________ actin on the object.

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42

gravitational force

The sun and the earth are attracted to each other by the ________.

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43

Acceleration

________ is the change in velocity in a certain amount of time.

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44

Some physical quantities only have magnitude and no direction, these are called scalar quantities

speed, distance, mass, temperature, time, etc

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45

You can find out how much work has been done using

W=Fs

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46

This acceleration can take five different forms

starting, stopping, speeding up, slowing down and changing direction

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47

As long as a spring is not stretched past its limit of proportionality, the work done in stretching a spring can be found using

Ee=1/2ke2

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48

Typical car barking distances are

14m at 30mph, 55mm at 60mph and 75m at 70mph

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49

Before

The red ball is stationary, so it has zero momentum

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50

After

The white ball hits the red ball, causing it to move

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51

This is why cars are designed to slow people down over a longer time when they have a crash

the longer it takes for a change in momentum, the smaller the rate if change in momentum, and so the smaller the force

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