Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Health educationÂ
Any combination of learning experiences designed to help individuals and communities improve their health, by increasing their knowledge or influencing their attitudes (WHO 2019)
Fundamental for health promotionÂ
Information alone does not change behaviorÂ
Health education Nurses can:
Assess the learners needs for education related to primary, secondary and or tertiary preventionÂ
Assess the underlying structural and social determinants of health that impact the learners ability to learn or make changeÂ
Health education Several key components:
Involves the use of teaching - learning strategiesÂ
Learners maintain voluntary control over the decision to make changes in their actionsÂ
Focuses on behavior changes that have been found to improve health and well-beingÂ
Goals of health educationÂ
Help individuals, families, and communities achieve, through their own action and initiative, optimal states of healthÂ
Facilitate voluntary actions to promote healthÂ
Improve health literacyÂ
Motivational interviewing strategiesÂ
Encourage positive evidence-informed changes in lifestyle behaviors
EmpowermentÂ
AutonomyÂ
Protection Motivation theoryÂ
Developed by Ronald W. Rogers (1975)
Engagement in health-promoting behavior is based upon 3 factorsÂ
One's beliefs about the severity of the illness
Perceived benefits of changeÂ
Barriers and confidence levels (self-efficiency) in creating change
Focuses on how fear influences change (ex: social marketing)
Social cognitive theoryÂ
Also referred to as social learning theoryÂ
Describes 3 interacting, reciprocal factorsÂ
Behaviour (role modeling)
Cognition (what we think and feel)
Environment (social influences)
The interplay between these factors is tridirectionalÂ
People are both observers and producers of behaviorsÂ
Emphasizes the influence of self efficiencyÂ
Transtheoretical model of changeÂ
Stages of change model
Useful for determining where a person is in relation to making a behavior changeÂ
Health related behavior change progresses through the following five stages:
PrecontemplationÂ
ContemplationÂ
Planning or preparationÂ
ActionÂ
MaintenanceÂ
Useful in determining the person's readiness for learning in relation to changing a behaviorÂ
Exploring the learners ambivalenceÂ
Dorans SMART goals (1981)
InterventionsÂ
EthicsÂ
RespectÂ
AutonomyÂ
JusticeÂ
BeneficenceÂ
Shared decision makingÂ
Increases clinician awareness and skills in addressing issues that may not be uncovered in an information-giving style of educationÂ
Community and group health educationÂ
Community-based social marketingÂ
Defined as marketing principles and techniques - such as prompts, messaging, and imagesÂ
Develop and deliver programs used to promote sustainability and benefit the individual and societyÂ
Develop and pilot programs to overcome barriersÂ
Implement the program across a community and evaluate the effectiveness of a programÂ
Teaching plan
The written teaching plan represents a package of educational services provided to a consumer or studentÂ
The plan is written from the learners point of viewÂ
Three domains of learningÂ
CognitiveÂ
Development of new facts or concepts, and building on or applying knowledge to new situationsÂ
PsychomotorÂ
Developing physical skills from simple to complex actionsÂ
AffectiveÂ
Alludes to the recognition of values, religious and spiritual beliefs, family interaction patterns and relationships, and personal attitudes that affect decisions and problem-solving progressÂ
Cognitive (thinking)
Teaching strategiesÂ
Lecture
One to one instructionÂ
DiscussionÂ
Audiovisual or printÂ
Computer-assisted/simulationÂ
Examples of desired outcomes related to a behavior changeÂ
Describes and or explains information relevant to the behavior changeÂ
Affective (feeling)
Teaching strategiesÂ
Role modelingÂ
DiscussionÂ
Role playingÂ
Simulation gaming/virtual realityÂ
Examples of desired outcomes related to a behavior changeÂ
Expresses positive feeling, attitudes, values towards changing the behaviorÂ
Not measurable: Dan will demonstrate the importance of low salt intake
Measurable: Dan will verbalize the importance of low salt intake by discussing the impact this will have on his health
AffectiveÂ
Not measurable: Dan will know how to determine a serving
Measurable: Dan will demonstrate correct measurement of a one serving portion
PsychomotorÂ
Not measurable: Dan well understand the correct food choices for following a low salt diet
Measurable: Dan well correctly select low salt foods from the options provided
Cognitive
Questions to consider for type of learning strategiesÂ
What are some basic considerations for selecting teaching methods for health education programs?
How does the nurse, as an instructor, establish and maintain a learning climate?
What actions can the nurse perform to increase the effectiveness of the learning methods?
How can the use of technology (virtual reality, simulation, apps) support the learning experience?
What methods tend to promote behaviour change?
Other considerations
Use methods that promote self-directed learning. (An active participant usually learns more)
Factor in the characteristics of the population (developmental stage, age, and knowledge of the topic and learning styles)
Select teaching methods that best support the goals of the educational programÂ
Vary the teaching methods in a given sessionÂ
Be sensitive to the energy level and anxiety of the audienceÂ
Learning climate
Create a sense of preparedness and organizationÂ
Anticipate the needs of the group and communicate information about the schedule and the facilitiesÂ
Assess individual and group learning needs, possibly through questions and dialogueÂ
Maintain a high level of motivation, a sense of individualized attention, and a progressionÂ
Work with the group to maintain the learning climateÂ
Teaching and organizing skills
Seek self-assessment opportunitiesÂ
Identify, list, nd prioritize learning needÂ
Begin to identify the resources that are available for reading, instructor training, and practice trainingÂ
Select the target population and the general topicÂ
Draft an initial set of learning skills
Work through the steps of the teaching - learning process, including the development of a teaching planÂ
Identify other people or a project team to helpÂ
Evaluating the teaching process
Written or oral testing, demonstrations, observations, self reports, and self monitoringÂ
Obtaining feedback about teaching performance into the teaching planÂ
Confidential, end - of program questionnaires are the usual method for obtaining written feedbackÂ
Verbal or nonverbal feedback