Thai Alphabet & Tone Rules

ม

Maaw máa

(Low class consonant)

Live ending, final consonant /m/ sound

น

Naaw nǔu

(Low class consonant)

Live ending, final consonant /n/ sound

ง

Ngaaw nguu

(Low class consonant)

Live ending, final consonant /ng/ sound

ย

Yaaw yák

(Low class consonant)

Live ending, final consonant /y/ sound

ว

Waaw wǎaen

(Low class consonant)

Live ending, final consonant /w/ sound

ช

Chaaw cháang

(Low class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /t/ sound

ซ

Saaw sôo

(Low class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /t/ sound

พ

Phaaw phaan

(Low class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /p/ sound

ฟ

Faaw fan

(Low class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /p/ sound

ก

Gaaw gài

(Middle class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /k/ sound

ด

Daaw dèk

(Middle class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /t/ sound

บ

Baaw bai-máai

(Middle class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /p/ sound

ค

Khaaw khwaai

(Low class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /k/ sound

ท

Thaaw thá-hǎan

(Low class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /t/ sound

ฮ

Haaw nók-hûuk

(Low class consonant)

Not used as final consonant

ร

Raaw ruuea

(Low class consonant)

Live ending, final consonant /n/ sound

ล

Laaw ling

(Low class consonant)

Live ending, final consonant /n/ sound

จ

Jaaw jaan

(Middle class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /t/ sound

ต

Dtaaw dtào

(Middle class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /t/ sound

ป

Bpaaw bplaa

(Middle class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /p/ sound

อ

Aaw àang

(Middle class consonant)

Typically silent

ข

Khǎaw khài

(High class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /k/ sound

ฉ

Chǎaw chìng

(High class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /t/ sound

ผ

Phǎaw phûeng

(High class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /p/ sound

ฝ

Fǎaw fǎa

(High class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /p/ sound

ศ

Sǎaw sǎa-laa

(High class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /t/ sound

ษ

Sǎaw ruue-sǐi

(High class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /t/ sound

ส

Sǎaw sǔuea

(High class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /t/ sound

ห

Hǎaw hìip

(High class consonant)

Used to change consonant classes after it, silent when doing so

า

Sà-rà aa

(Long)

Live ending

ะ\ั

Sà-rà à

(Short)

Dead ending

ี

Sà-rà ii

(Long)

Live ending

ิ

Sà-rà i

(Short)

Dead ending

ู

Sà-rà uu

(Long)

Live ending

ุ

Sà-rà u

(Short)

Dead ending

ื

Sà-rà uue

(Long)

Live ending; when NOT followed by a consonant, ือ

ึ

Sà-rà ùe

(Short)

Dead ending

เ

Sà-rà ee

(Long)

Live ending

เ ะ/เ ็

Sà-rà è

(Short)

Dead ending

แ

Sà-rà aae

(Long)

Live ending

แ ะ

Sà-rà àe

(Short)

Dead ending

โ

Sà-rà oo

(Long)

Live ending

โ ะ

Sà-rà ò

(Short)

Dead ending; when followed by a consonant it is unwritten

เ า

Sà-rà ao

(Long)

Live ending

ไ

Sà-rà ai mái-má-lai

(Long)

Live ending

ใ

Sà-rà ai mái-múuan

(Short)

Dead ending

ๆ

Mái-yá-mók

Repeat word

เ าะ

Sà-rà àw

(Short)

Dead ending

อ

Sà-rà aaw

(Long)

Live ending

เ ียะ

Sà-rà ìa

(Short)

Dead ending

เ ีย

Sà-rà iia

(Long)

Live ending

เ อะ

Sà-rà òe

(Short)

Dead ending

เ อ

Sà-rà ooe

(Long)

Live ending; when followed by consonant, เ ิ

เ ือะ

Sà-rà ùea

(Short)

Dead ending

เ ือ

Sà-rà uuea

(Long)

Live ending

ัวะ

Sà-rà ùa

(Short)

Dead ending

ัว

Sà-rà uua

(Long)

Live ending; when followed by consonant, -ว-

์

Gaa-raan

Makes consonants silent; used for loanwords

Low class initial consonant + live ending

Mid tone

Middle class initial consonant + live ending

Mid tone

Low class initial consonant + dead ending + short vowel

High tone

Low class initial consonant + dead ending + long vowel

Falling tone

Middle class consonant + dead syllable

Low tone

High class consonant + live syllable

Rising tone

High class consonant + dead syllable

Low tone

ภ

Phaaw sam phao

(Low class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /p/ sound

ธ

Thaaw thong

(Low class consonant)

Dead ending, final consonant /t/ sound

ณ

Naaw neen

(Low class consonant)

Live ending, final consonant /n/ sound

ญ

Yaaw yǐng

(Low class consonant)

Live ending, final consonant /n/ sound

รร

Special way to write “a” in between two consonant. If no final consonant, “an”

ำ

Sà-rà am