Clinical Psychology Chapter 12

anal stage

the psychosexual stage that extends from 6 months to 3 years of age.

anal stage 2-

child focuses on urination and defaction as means of satisfaction.

analysis of dreams-

a psychoanalytic techniq that attempts to shed light on unconscious material. Dreams are heavily laden with unconscious wishes in symbolic form.

ego

the organized rational componet of the personality.

ego 2-

uses perception, learning, planning and so forth to satisfy the needs of the organism while perserving its place in the world.

fixation

defense mechanism. occurs when the frustration and anxiety of the next psychosexual stage cause the individual to be arrested at his or her current level of psychosexual development.

Third Wave therapy

The approaches of the first two generations of Behavioral Therapy (BT) share the assumption that certain cognitions, emotions and physiological states lead to dysfunctional behavior and, therefore, therapeutic intervention is aimed at eliminating, or at least reducing, these problematic internal events.

third wave therapy

reduction of symptoms to the development of skills aimed at significantly improving the quality and quantity of activity in which the patient finds value.

Pain management therapy

Psychological treatment provides a safe, non-drug method to treat your pain directly by reducing high levels of physiological stress that often aggravate pain. Psychological treatment also helps improve the indirect consequences of pain by helping you learn how to cope with the problems associated with pain.

projection

defense mechanism that occurs when a person attributes his or her unconscious feelings to someone else.

phallic stage

psychosexual stage that extends from 3 to 7 years

interpretation-

the cornerstone of nearly every form of psychotherapy.

latent content

symbolic meaning of a dreams events

oedipus complex

child feels sexual attraction towards the parent of opposite sex and hostility toward the parent of the same sex. superego emerges from the resolution of this complex.

superego-

component of the personality that represents ideals and values of society as they are conveyed to the child through the words and deeds of their parents. role is to bloc unacceptable id impulses and to pressure the ego to serve the ends of morality rather than expediency.

talking cure

discovered by breur. encourage patient talking as a way of addressing and alleviating neurotic symptoms.

transference-

a key phenomenom in psychoanalytic therapy. patient reacts to the therapist as if the therapist represented an important figure in the patients past.

reality anxiety

anxiety that arises from the presence of a real danger in the outside world.

repression

the most basic defense mechanism. repression serves to keep highly threatening sexual or aggresive material out of consciousness awareness. often involuntarily.

regression

defense mechanism that occurs when extensive frustration causes a person to return to a stage that once provided a great deal of gratification.

secondary process

the rational and self perservative type of thinking that characterizes the ego.

psych0sexual stages

a series of developmental stages posited by Freud.

id

the deep inaccessible portion of the personality that contains the instinctual ugres. is without order, logic, or morals and operates solely to gratify the instinctual urges.

free association

cardinal rule of psychoanalysis in which patients are required to say anything and everything that comes to mind. shed light on unconscious thoughts and urges.

carl rogers

person centered therapy

psychodynamic approach to therapy evolved from the work of sigmund freud.

focus on the analysis of past experiences and emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts in the search for the roots of behavior.

interpersonal psychotherapy

good empirical support for treating depression and other conditions.

gestalt groups

therapist focuses on one patient at a time and asks that person to experience his r her feelings and behaviors while the other group members are asked to observe or provide feedback to the person in the hot seat.

parent management training

refers to programs that train parents to manage their child's behavioral problems in the home and at school. PMT has emanated from two lines of work. First, maladaptive parent-child interactions, particularly in relation to discipline practices, have been shown to foster and to sustain conduct problems among children. Second, social learning techniques, relying heavily on principles of operant conditioning, have been extremely useful in altering parent and child behavior. In PMT, parent-child interactions are modified in ways that are designed to promote prosocial child behavior and to decrease antisocial or oppositional behavior.

Behavioral therapy

is a treatment that helps change potentially self-destructing behaviors. It is also called behavioral modification or cognitive behavioral therapy. Medical professionals use this type of therapy to replace bad habits with good ones. The therapy also helps you cope with difficult situations.